Table 2.
Studies on narcissism and PSMU included in the review (n = 14).
| Authors (year) | Country | Design | Sample characteristics Age = M (SD) |
Findings | Quality rating (/20) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andreassen et al. (2017) | Norway | Cross-sectional | N = 23.532 community people (F = 65%)Age: 35.8 (13.3) |
Bivariate correlation GN was positively correlated with social media addiction total score (r = 0.06, p < .001) Multiple Regression Analyses GN predicted social media addiction total score (β = 0.184, p < 0.001) after controlling for basic socio-demographics |
20 |
| Casale, Fioravanti, and Rugai (2016) | Italy | Cross-sectional | N = 535 undergraduates (F = 50.9%)Age: 22.73 (2.77) |
Two way-ANOVA Vulnerable narcissists had a higher GPIUS-2 total score than both non-narcissists and GNs (F = 6.69*, p < .0.05; η2 = 0.025); M = 2.75 (1.37), M = 2.22 (1.14) M = 2.24 (1.18), respectively. No significant differences between GNs and non-narcissists |
15 |
| Choi (2018) | Korea | Cross-sectional | N = 285 employees (F = 53.7%) Age: nr |
Bivariate correlation GN was positively correlated with the following BSMAS subscales: Mood modification (r = 0.012, p < .001) Withdrawal (r = 0.33, p < .001) Tolerance (r = 0.102, p < .001) |
14 |
| Chung, Morshidi, Yoong, and Thian (2019) | Malaysia | Cross-sectional | N = 128 community persons (F = 52.3%) Age: M = 19.73 (1.99) |
Bivariate correlation No significant correlation between GN and social media addiction total score (r = 0.04, p = n.r.) |
13 |
| Demircioğlu and Göncu Köse (2018) | Turkey | Cross-sectional | N = 229 undergraduates (F = 67.7%) Age: 21.51 (1.80) |
Bivariate correlation No significant correlation between GN and social media addiction total score (r = 0.04, p = n.r.) |
10 |
| Hawk et al. (2019) | Netherlands | Longitudinal | N = 307 adolescents (F = 52.12%) Age: 12.87 (0.75) |
Cross-lagged Panel Models GN scores at T1 predicted social media addiction total score one year later via attention-seeking (β = 0.034, p = .045; 95%CI [0.001, 0.068]). |
20 |
| Kircaburun, Demetrovics, and Tosuntaş (2018a) | Turkey | Cross-sectional | N = 181 undergraduates (F = 63.5%) Age: 22.11 (2.50) |
MANOVA High-risk social media users scored significantly higher than low-risk social media users on the GN measure (F = 39.33, p < .001, η2 = 0.05). Structural Equation Model The direct effect of narcissism on social media addiction was statistically significant (βS = 0.30, p < .001, 95% CI [0.19, 0.41]) |
15 |
| Kircaburun, Jonason, and Griffiths (2018b) | Turkey | Cross-sectional | N = 761 undergraduates (F = 63.99%) Age: 20.70 (2.28) |
Bivariate Correlation Significant correlation between grandiose narcissism and social media addiction total score (r = 0.22, p < .001). Structural Equation Model The association between GN and social media addiction total score was mediated by cyberstalking (R2 = 0.24, p = 0.05). |
15 |
| Lee (2017) | Korea | Cross-sectional | N = 185 undergraduates (F = 62.70%) Age: 40.13 (10.66) |
Bivariate correlation Significant correlation between VN and social media addiction (r = 0.45, p < .001) Hierarchical Regression Analysis Attachment anxiety partially mediated the association between narcissism and social media addiction (Z Sobel Test = 6.68, p < .001) |
10 |
| Lee (2019) | Malaysia | Cross-sectional | N = 204 undergraduates (F = 60%) Age: 22.94 (3.43) |
Bivariate Correlation No significant association between GN and social media addiction (r = 0.07, n.s.) Multiple Regression Analysis GN did not predict social media addiction |
14 |
| Liu and Ma (2018) | China | Cross-sectional | N = 301 undergraduates (F = 27.24%) Age: 20.43 (1.54); 26.92 (1.33) |
Bivariate correlation Significant correlation between social media addiction total score and both GN and VN (r = 0.38 and r = 0.48, p < .001, respectively) Multiple Regression Analyses VN narcissism contributed to social media addiction total score explaining 13.6% of the total variance (β = 0.370, t = 7.767, p < 0.001) |
14 |
| Lyvers, Narayanan, and Thorberg (2018) | Australia | Cross-sectional | N = 143 community persons (F = 48.25%) Age: 26.09 (SD = 4.75) |
Bivariate Correlation Significant correlation between GN and social media addiction (r = 0.26, p < 0.01). Multiple Regression Analysis The association between GN and social media addiction was fully mediated by reward sensitivity (z = 2.78, p = 0.005) |
13 |
| Shin et al. (2016) | Korea | Cross-sectional | N = 513 undergraduates (F = 379) Age: n.r. |
Bivariate Correlation Significant correlation between VN and SNS Addiction Tendency (r = 0.40, p < 0.01). Structural Equation Model Covert narcissism had a direct effect on SNS addiction tendency (βS = 0.27, p < .001, 90% CI [0.68 - 0.082]) and an indirect effect mediated by loneliness, social anxiety, preference for online interaction, and motive for SNS use on SNS addiction tendency (βS = 0.15, p < .001, 95% CI [0.03–0.25]) |
|
| Thiagarajan, Venkatachalam, and Sebastian (2017) | India | Cross-sectional | N = 290 community persons (F = 64.14%) Age: 23.5 (n.r.) |
Bivariate Correlation No significant correlation between grandiose narcissism and social media addiction total score (ρ = 0.097, n.s.). The rho value was considerably greater for the female group (ρ = 0.137, n.s.) relative to the male group (ρ = 0.034, n.s.). |
10 |