Table 5.
Pooled Range and Mean of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Uropathogenic Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women Reviewed from Africa and Asia from 2005 to 2016
| Uropathogens | Resistance Patterns, N (%) | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMP | CIP | NA | SXT | GM | NOR | F | AMO | CRO | ||||||||||
| PR | PM | PR | PM | PR | PM | PR | PM | PR | PM | PR | PM | PR | PM | PR | PM | PR | PM | |
| E. coli | 56.4–100 | 77.9 | 11.1–92.7 | 34.0 | 44.5–100 | 68.7 | 11.1–100 | 52.8 | 0–94.9 | 50.6 | 19.2–58.9 | 36.9 | 0–70.9 | 34.7 | 8–94.9 | 57.2 | 0–40.5 | 14.9 |
| No. of studies | 6 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 4 | |||||||||
| S. aureus | 0–100 | 63.7 | 48–66.7 | 54.9 | 25–77.7 | 51.3 | 16.6–75 | 45.8 | ||||||||||
| No. of studies | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
| CN staphylococci | 4–100 | 61.8 | 7.1–40 | 31.4 | 20–69.3 | 42.8 | 10–100 | 68.9 | 0–100 | 46.6 | 54.6–60 | 57.3 | 0–69.3 | 40.2 | 0–80 | 39.3 | 0–40 | 23.5 |
| No. of studies | 5 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 4 | |||||||||
| Klebsiella spp. | 40–100 | 70.6 | 0–38.5 | 25.5 | 33–80 | 46.8 | 22–88.9 | 54.9 | 11.5–49.2 | 36.9 | 7.69–57 | 32.3 | 0–100 | 44.3 | 10–100 | 59.5 | 0–58 | 27.1 |
| No. of studies | 5 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4 | |||||||||
| P. aeruginosa | 0–100 | 52 | 0–25 | 8.3 | 33.3–75 | 54.2 | 0–100 | 75 | 0–87.3 | 42.6 | 33.3–100 | 66.6 | 0–75 | 47.6 | 33.4–50 | 44.5 | 25–79.5 | 45.9 |
| No. of studies | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
| P. mirabilis | 50–100 | 76.2 | 0–29.2 | 9.8 | 0–100 | 41.6 | 33.3–100 | 67.8 | 0–66.7 | 38.8 | 4.2–33.3 | 18.7 | 0–53.5 | 29.7 | 13.6–100 | 43.9 | 0–55.4 | 16.8 |
| No. of studies | 5 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 4 | |||||||||
| Enterococcus | 22–100 | 62.9 | 33.3–50 | 41.6 | 0–75 | 37.5 | 16.7–100 | 62.8 | 0–100 | 52.9 | 25–50 | 37.5 | 0–42.7 | 14.2 | 0–25 | 12.5 | 12–42 | 27 |
| No. of studies | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||
| Citrobacter | 50–100 | 75 | 0–50 | 25 | 0–100 | 50 | 0–50 | 25 | ||||||||||
| No. of studies | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
| Enterobacter | 60–70 | 65 | 30–41.3 | 35.6 | 2.4–30 | 16.2 | 40–50 | 45 | ||||||||||
| No. of studies | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Abbreviations: AMP, ampicillin; CIP, ciprofloxacin; NA, nalidixic acid; SXT, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; GM, gentamicin; NOR, norfloxacin; F, nitrofurantoin; AMO, amoxicillin; CRO, ceftriaxone; PR, pooled range; PM, pooled mean.