Table 1.
Incidence and proportion of all heat-related illnesses in women and men in the armed force
| Reference, year | Country | Study design | Study duration | Population | ICD codes | All heat injuries | |
| Women | Men | ||||||
| Dickson, 199429 | UK | Descriptive epidemiology | 1981–1991 (10 years) |
Royal Air force, Royal Navy and Army (1448 cases) | ICD-9-CM: 992.0–992.9 | 11.43* | 41.87* |
| Army Medical Surveillance Activity, 199830 | USA | Descriptive epidemiology | 1997–1998 (1 year) |
US Army (1433 cases) 1997 |
ICD-9-CM: 992.0–992.9 | 12.8† | 8.6† |
| 1998 | 15.8† | 12.0† | |||||
| Army Medical Surveillance Activity, 200033 | USA | Descriptive epidemiology | 1997–1999 (2 years) |
US Army and Marine Corps (3386 cases) | ICD-9-CM: 992.0–992.9 | ||
| Army (1896 cases) | 2.0‡ | 1.5‡ | |||||
| Marine Corps (1104 cases) | 4.4‡ | 2.0‡ | |||||
| Army Medical Surveillance Activity, 200231 | USA | Descriptive epidemiology | 1990–1997 (7 years) |
US Army (2290 cases) | ICD-9-CM: 992.0–992.9 | 14.0%§ | 86.0%§ |
| Case–control | 1998–2001 (3 years) |
US Army (5021 cases and 10 042 controls) | 20.7%§ | 79.3%§ | |||
| Army Medical Surveillance Activity, 200332 | USA | Descriptive epidemiology | 2002 (1 year) |
US Army (1816 cases) | ICD-9-CM: 992.0–992.9 | 3.5‡ | 5.1‡ |
| Carter et al, 200534 | USA | Cross-sectional | 1980–2002 (22 years) |
US Army (5246 cases) | ICD-9-CM: 992.0–992.9 | 13.7%§ | 86.3%§ |
| Bedno et al, 201435 | USA | Analytical cross-sectional | 2005–2006 | US Armed Forces (80 exertional heat illness cases) | ICD-9-CM: 992.0–992.9 | 0.680% | 0.71% |
| 9455 men | |||||||
| 1913 women | |||||||
*Incidence rate reported per 100 000 person-years.
†Incidence rate per 100 000 person-months.
‡Incidence rate reported per 1000 person-years.
§Proportions and incidences reported are of the total cases reported in the articles.
ICD, International Classification of Disease.