Table 2.
Burden of stunting, thinness/wasting and obesity among children by age and survey round
| Survey wave | Age (years) | n (valid HAZ) | n (stunted) | Prop: stunted* | Estimated population stunted | n (valid BMIZ) | n (thin/wasted) | Prop: thinness† | Estimated population thinness | n (obese) | Prop: obese‡ | Estimated population obese |
| 2008 | 0 | 220 | 31 | 0.14 (0.09, 0.22) |
153 648 (81 545, 273 371) |
180 | 21 | 0.12 (0.07, 0.2) |
133 882 (66 374, 251 867) |
32 | 0.1 (0.06, 0.15) |
107 783 (59 737, 185 749) |
| 1 | 419 | 29 | 0.08 (0.05, 0.13) |
91 903 (48 436, 164 369) |
386 | 24 | 0.06 (0.03, 0.11) |
66 566 (29 263, 143 661) |
76 | 0.22 (0.16, 0.3) |
253 021 (159 436, 383 096) |
|
| 2 | 453 | 62 | 0.15 (0.1, 0.21) |
159 241 (96 989, 250 626) |
419 | 10 | 0.03 (0.01, 0.07) |
34 613 (12 484, 87 598) |
70 | 0.14 (0.1, 0.19) |
148 357 (93 148, 227 510) |
|
| 3 | 489 | 55 | 0.11 (0.08, 0.15) |
111 595 (69 906, 172 639) |
470 | 19 | 0.04 (0.02, 0.07) |
39 715 (20 205, 75 821) |
67 | 0.17 (0.12, 0.24) |
176 235 (104 092, 284 620) |
|
| 4 | 498 | 48 | 0.09 (0.06, 0.13) |
93 391 (54 519, 154 136) |
461 | 25 | 0.05 (0.03, 0.08) |
52 031 (27 083, 96 623) |
34 | 0.08 (0.05, 0.12) |
80 282 (45 874, 135 732) |
|
| 0–5 | 2079 | 225 | 0.11 (0.09, 0.13)§ |
591 550 (451 494, 766 049) |
1916 | 99 | 0.05 (0.04, 0.07)§ |
277 743 (196 715, 385 904) |
279 | 0.14 (0.12, 0.17)§ |
778 865 (599 156, 996 439) |
|
| 2010/2011 | 0 | 75 | 24 | 0.33 (0.16, 0.57) |
289 420 (114 550, 577 181) |
69 | 7 | 0.1 (0.04, 0.23) |
88 499 (30 258, 228 461) |
22 | 0.39 (0.21, 0.61) |
340 820 (153 454, 615 984) |
| 1 | 236 | 20 | 0.06 (0.03, 0.11) |
63 995 (25 204, 132 218) |
215 | 11 | 0.07 (0.03, 0.14) |
69 776 (25 204, 173 842) |
52 | 0.29 (0.19, 0.41) |
299 127 (159 624, 499 489) |
|
| 2 | 340 | 61 | 0.22 (0.16, 0.29) |
267 019 (166 414, 407 708) |
314 | 17 | 0.06 (0.03, 0.11) |
76 344 (35 363, 155 183) |
72 | 0.22 (0.16, 0.29) |
270 818 (167 454, 414 761) |
|
| 3 | 427 | 52 | 0.11 (0.07, 0.16) |
130 531 (73 921, 220 389) |
402 | 20 | 0.03 (0.02, 0.06) |
39 208 (16 427, 85 938) |
78 | 0.16 (0.11, 0.23) |
195 314 (114 988, 313 258) |
|
| 4 | 422 | 62 | 0.17 (0.12, 0.24) |
205 730 (122 130, 329 629) |
394 | 19 | 0.03 (0.02, 0.06) |
39 494 (17 639, 84 450) |
65 | 0.17 (0.12, 0.24) |
208 842 (126 152, 329 629) |
|
| 0–5 | 1500 | 219 | 0.16 (0.13, 0.19) |
862 302 (633 920, 1 148 376) |
1394 | 74 | 0.05 (0.03, 0.07) |
265 877 (167 080, 405 309) |
289 | 0.21 (0.17, 0.26) |
1 159 133 (835 398, 1 565 968) |
|
| 2012 | 0 | 271 | 59 | 0.2 (0.14, 0.28) |
181 464 (108 101, 288 795) |
250 | 38 | 0.2 (0.12, 0.3) |
179 118 (95 658, 311 389) |
55 | 0.19 (0.12, 0.28) |
169 192 (94 880, 284 482) |
| 1 | 544 | 78 | 0.13 (0.09, 0.17) |
132 310 (80 796, 207 206) |
538 | 27 | 0.08 (0.05, 0.13) | 80 862 (40 842, 150 046) |
138 | 0.23 (0.18, 0.28) |
234 062 (157 153, 334 626) |
|
| 2 | 629 | 72 | 0.1 (0.07, 0.14) |
116 230 (68 690, 187 924) |
629 | 49 | 0.05 (0.03, 0.07) |
55 866 (30 861, 97 391) |
147 | 0.23 (0.18, 0.29) |
269 508 (176 205, 392 309) |
|
| 3 | 710 | 82 | 0.11 (0.08, 0.16) |
142 259 (82 987, 232 297) |
692 | 29 | 0.03 (0.02, 0.06) |
43 898 (20 928, 87 296) |
102 | 0.15 (0.11, 0.2) |
191 943 (117 798, 297 399) |
|
| 4 | 771 | 112 | 0.16 (0.12, 0.2) |
221 293 (142 258, 330 201) |
762 | 30 | 0.03 (0.0, 0.05) | 43 556 (20 731, 87 406) |
118 | 0.18 (0.14, 0.22) |
250 658 (167 278, 362 573) |
|
| 0–5 | 2925 | 403 | 0.13 (0.11, 0.16) |
762 303 (567 517, 1 001 855) |
2871 | 173 | 0.06 (0.05, 0.07) |
328 768 (230 074, 458 914) |
560 | 0.19 (0.17, 0.22) |
1 112 487 (853 832, 1 415 525) |
|
| 2014/2015 | 0 | 434 | 74 | 0.12 (0.08, 0.18) |
144 201 (81 319, 240 730) |
421 | 37 | 0.1 (0.06, 0.18) |
123 211 (59 233, 240 730) |
78 | 0.17 (0.12, 0.23) |
197 209 (117 461, 313 223) |
| 1 | 801 | 53 | 0.06 (0.04, 0.08) |
67 916 (39 433, 112 566) |
801 | 24 | 0.03 (0.01, 0.08) |
39 657 (9858, 101 845) |
169 | 0.23 (0.18, 0.28) |
266 780 (179 421, 379 240) |
|
| 2 | 785 | 65 | 0.08 (0.05, 0.12) |
85 985 (48 668, 146 305) |
781 | 16 | 0.02 (0.01, 0.03) |
16 222 (6309, 39 015) |
128 | 0.16 (0.12, 0.22) |
170 803 (106 348, 263 349) |
|
| 3 | 853 | 82 | 0.08 (0.06, 0.11) |
89 857 (54 478, 143 034) |
845 | 24 | 0.04 (0.02, 0.07) |
40 865 (18 323, 86 890) |
79 | 0.12 (0.08, 0.15) |
133 857 (83 637, 205 862) |
|
| 4 | 899 | 67 | 0.06 (0.04, 0.09) |
77 887 (45 801, 127 320) |
897 | 19 | 0.02 (0.01, 0.05) |
30 376 (12 301, 71 898) |
56 | 0.06 (0.04, 0.11) |
82 300 (38 662, 166 265) |
|
| 0–5 | 3772 | 341 | 0.08 (0.06, 0.09) |
441 281 (327 611, 581 707) |
3745 | 120 | 0.04 (0.03, 0.05) |
213 012 (130 004, 333 338) |
510 | 0.14 (0.12, 0.17) |
834 444 (618 820, 1 098 053) |
|
| 2017 | 0 | 372 | 50 | 0.13 (0.08, 0.19) |
125 347 (68 160, 218 303) |
357 | 32 | 0.12 (0.07, 0.2) |
121 396 (62 270, 221 478) |
70 | 0.18 (0.12, 0.25) |
174 538 (104 344, 278 066) |
| 1 | 760 | 55 | 0.08 (0.05, 0.11) |
95 527 (56 435, 153 804) |
742 | 23 | 0.03 (0.02, 0.07) |
42 416 (17 767, 94 222) |
146 | 0.23 (0.19, 0.29) |
285 123 (194 388, 403 216) |
|
| 2 | 833 | 63 | 0.07 (0.05, 0.11) |
94 807 (54 147, 158 550) |
830 | 20 | 0.03 (0.02, 0.07) |
43 976 (18 786, 99 279) |
130 | 0.15 (0.12, 0.19) |
191 812 (127 079, 280 056) |
|
| 3 | 875 | 77 | 0.08 (0.05, 0.12) |
99 890 (54 439, 175 689) |
872 | 14 | 0.02 (0.01, 0.06) |
30 726 (10 888, 79 204) |
77 | 0.07 (0.05, 0.1) |
88 889 (54 439, 138 247) |
|
| 4 | 900 | 59 | 0.05 (0.04, 0.07) |
57 363 (34 849, 91 231) |
899 | 23 | 0.03 (0.01, 0.05) |
29 923 (13 628, 62 962) |
47 | 0.06 (0.04, 0.08) |
63 912 (36 990, 105 365) |
|
| 0–5 | 3740 | 304 | 0.08 (0.06, 0.09)§ |
445 295 (326 192, 593 240) |
3700 | 112 | 0.04 (0.03, 0.05)§ |
223 236 (136 790, 345 514) |
470 | 0.13 (0.11, 0.15)§ |
758 650 (583 989, 964 831) |
|
| At last observation | 0–5 | 10 711 | 1049 | 0.09 (0.08, 0.10) |
1 397 020 (1 177 247, 1 616 793) |
10 467 | 391 | 0.04 (0.03, 0.05) |
560 806 (448 656, 672 957) |
1438 | 0.14 (0.13, 0.16) |
2 048 650 (1 722 242, 2 375 058) |
*HAZ ≤−2 SD.
†BMI-for-age z-score ≤−2 SD.
‡BMI-for-age z-score ≥+2 SD.
§Significance tests (survey weighted logistic regression) among children 0–5: stunting (2017 vs 2008) p=0.007; thinness/wasting (2017 vs 2008) p=0.131; obesity (2017 vs 2008) p=0.312.
BMI, body mass index; BMIZ, BMI-for-age z-score; HAZ, height-for-age z-score.