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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Card Fail. 2020 Mar 9;26(5):410–419. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2020.03.003

Table 2:

Association between inflammatory markers and incident HF

Models HR (95% CI) of HF per doubling of biomarker, P value
sCD14 IL-6 hsCRP WBC
Model 1 1.95 (1.66–2.29) P<0.001 1.34 (1.27–1.41) P<0.00i 1.20 (1.16–1.24) P<0.001 1.75 (1.57–1.95) P<0.001
Model 2 1.56 (1.29–1.89) P<0.001 1.18 (1.10–1.25), P<0.001 1.10 (1.06–1.15), P<0.001 1.24 (1.09–1.42), P<0.001
Model 3 1.34 (1.09–1.64) P<0.001 1.12 (1.04–1.20) P<0.001 1.05 (1.00–1.10) P=0.040 1.12 (0.96–1.29) P=0.142

CI = Confidence interval; HF = Heart failure; HR = Hazard ratio.

Model 1. Adjusted for age, sex, and race. (Participants in analysis: sCD14, n=5217; IL-6, n=4909; hsCRP, n=5192; WBC, n=5187.)

Model 2. Adjusted for covariates in Model 1 plus education, BMI, smoking, alcohol, physical activity score, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive use, diabetes, estrogen use, LDL, HDL, eGFR, prevalent coronary heart disease, prevalent stroke, prevalent TIA, prevalent atrial fibrillation. (Participants in analysis: sCD14, n=4413; IL-6, n=4151; CRP, n=4399; WBC, n=4397.)

Model 3. Adjusted for covariates in Model 2 plus all other inflammatory biomarkers. (Participants in analysis: n=4142.)