Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of distant metastases
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate model | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 5-year rate | 95% CI | p** | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | p | |
| All | 2158 | 16.7 | 15.1–18.3 | ||||
| Age (years) | |||||||
| < 65 | 1079 | 16.5 | 14.3–18.7 | ||||
| ≥ 65 | 1079 | 16.9 | 14.5–19.3 | 0.598 | |||
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 1351 | 17.9 | 15.7–20.1 | ||||
| Female | 807 | 14.6 | 12.1–17.1 | 0.051 | |||
| ASA* | |||||||
| ASA I-II | 1498 | 15.5 | 13.5–17.5 | 1.0 | |||
| ASA III-IV | 336 | 20.0 | 15.3–24.7 | 0.028 | 1.3 | 1.0–1.8 | 0.045 |
| Tumour site | |||||||
| Colon | 990 | 12.9 | 10.7–15.1 | 1.0 | |||
| Rectum | 1168 | 19.9 | 17.5–22.3 | < 0.001 | 1.8 | 1.4–2.4 | < 0.001 |
| Stage (UICC) | |||||||
| Stage I | 573 | 6.3 | 4.1–8.5 | 1.0 | |||
| Stage II | 535 | 13.1 | 10.2–16.0 | 2.5 | 1.7–3.8 | < 0.001 | |
| Stage III | 500 | 28.8 | 24.7–32.9 | 4.7 | 3.3–6.9 | < 0.001 | |
| Stage y0 | 73 | 1.4 | 0–4.1 | 0.1 | 0.0–1.0 | 0.047 | |
| Stage yI | 164 | 8.8 | 4.5–13.1 | 1.0 | 0.6–1.8 | 0.941 | |
| Stage yII | 146 | 14.8 | 7.7–21.9 | 3.3 | 2.1–5.2 | < 0.001 | |
| Stage yIII | 167 | 36.4 | 29.0–43.8 | < 0.001 | 4.8 | 3.2–7.4 | < 0.001 |
| Clavien-Dindo classification | |||||||
| 0 | 1691 | 15.9 | 14.1–17.7 | 1.0 | |||
| I | 141 | 17.4 | 10.7–24.1 | 1.0 | 0.7–1.6 | 0.878 | |
| II | 162 | 19.6 | 13.1–26.1 | 1.4 | 1.0–2.1 | 0.056 | |
| III | 112 | 21.0 | 13.2–28.8 | 1.7 | 1.1–2.5 | 0.020 | |
| IV | 52 | 23.7 | 11.4–36.0 | 0.066 | 1.2 | 0.6–2.5 | 0.543 |
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification; *ASA missing in 324 patients. **Log-rank test