Table 1.

Demographic, clinical, and cardiopulmonary exercise test data and events rates for each Weber Class.

Y, years; n, number of subjects; BMI, body mass index; kg, kilogram; m², square meters; ACE, angiotensin conversion enzyme; NYHA, New York Heart Association; RER, respiratory exchange ratio; VE, ventilation; VCO₂, carbon dioxide production; OUES, oxygen uptake efficiency slope; HHR₁, heart rate recovery at first minute; PetCO₂, end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure; CPX, cardiopulmonary exercise test.

	All (n 2625)	Weber A (n 811)	Weber B1 (n 459)	Weber B2 (n 103)	Weber C (n 990)	Weber D (n 262)
Age, y	55 ± 14	51 ± 14	57 ± 14*	60 ± 14*	57 ± 13*	59 ± 13*
Male sex, %(n)	75% (1981)	82% (665)	77% (355)	84% (87)	69% (688)*	69% (180)*
BMI, kg/m2	28.5 ± 6	27 ± 5.3	29 ± 5.7*‡†	27 ± 4.5£†‡	29 ± 6.0*	30 ± 7.5*
Medications %(n)
Beta-blocker	61% (1611)	53% (387)	66% (284)	74% (73)*	72% (678)*	73% (185)*
ACE inhibitor	56% (1469)	44% (360)	61% (281)*	63% (65)*	60% (598)*	63% (165)*
Diuretic	84% (2210)	31% (216)	56% (213)*	56% (49)*	71% (592)*	78% (174)*
Ejection fraction, %	35.4 ± 15.8	44 ± 15.4	35 ± 14.7*†‡	30 ± 15.9*	31 ± 14.2*£	29 ± 14.3*
NYHA class	2.4 ± 0.8	1.8 ± 0.8	2.1 0.8†‡	2.3 ± 0.7*‡†	2.5 ± 0.7*‡	3.0 ± 0.6*
Peak VO2, ml−1 kg−1 min−1	18.1 ± 8.3	27.7 ± 7.9	17.8 ± 1.2*†‡	17.5 ± 1.1*†‡	13.1 ± 1.6*‡	8.0 ± 1.3*
Peak RER	1.10 ± 0.14	1.11 ± 0.12	1.11 ± 0.13	1.06 ± 0.11*£	1.10 ± 0.14	1.08 ± 0.17*
VE/VCO2 slope	33.3 ± 9.2	28 ± 5.2	29 ± 4.9*‡†	39 ± 7.5*£†‡	36 ± 8.7*£‡	44 ± 13*
OUES	2.03 ± 0.88	2.60 ± 0.88	1.98 ± 0.61*†‡	1.71 ± 0.43*‡	1.50 ± 0.49*	1.07 ± 0.44*
HRR1, beats	19 ± 13	26 ± 14	21 ± 12*	16 ± 11*£	16 ± 11*£	13 ± 13*£
Resting PetCO2, mm Hg	33.6 ± 4.6	34 ± 4.4	35 ± 3.7*†‡	29 ± 3.9*£†‡	33 ± 4.7*‡	32 ± 5.0*
CPX summed score	5.6 ± 4.4	3.7 ± 3.1	2.8 ± 2.5*†‡	11 ± 1.7*£‡†	6.8 ± 4.6*‡	9.4 ± 3.8*
Combined Events, % (n)	12.2% (321)	2.8% (23)	6.1% (28)*	12.1% (13)*£‡	16.5% (163)*£‡	35.9% (94)*£

^§p < 0.05 versus Weber D.

^*p < 0.05 versus Weber A

^†p < 0.05 versus Weber B1.

^‡p < 0.05 versus Weber C.