Table 2.
Characteristics of the studies included.
| Study ID | Sample size (E/C) | Sex (M/F) | Age (mean ± SD or range) | Duration of disease (Mean ± SD or range) | Intervention | Follow-up time | Outcomes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E | C | E | C | E | C | E | C | ||||
| Liu [39] | 36/32 | 29/7 | 24/8 | 24.0 ± 4.8 | 22.0 ± 5.4 | (4.8 ± 3.6) y | (4.5 ± 3.2) y | SP (ZFCT[po, 40 mg, tid]) + CPT | CPT (SSZ) | 18 m | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧ |
| Liu [40] | 30/20 | 26/4 | 18/2 | 15∼39 | 17∼58 | (0.5∼5) y | (0.5∼6) y | SP (ZFCT[po, 80 mg, tid]) + CPT | CPT (SSZ) | 3 m | ④⑦⑧⑨ |
| Dong [41] | 45/34 | 42/3 | 32/2 | 24∼72 | 26∼72 | NA | NA | SP (ZFCT[po, 40 mg, tid]) + CPT | CPT (SSZ + Meloxicam) | 24 w (6 m) | ①②④⑤⑥⑧⑨ |
| Yang [42] | 38/38 | 31/7 | 33/5 | 30.26 ± 13.4 | 28.67 ± 12.8 | (5.31 ± 2.8) y | (6.04 ± 3.1) y | SP (ZFSRT[po, 60 mg, bid]) + CPT | CPT (SSZ) | 12 w (3 m) | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩ |
| Huang [43] | 13/12 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | SP (ZFSRT[po, 60 mg, bid]) + CPT | CPT (SSZ) | 6 m | ①②⑤⑦⑧⑨ |
| Yin [44] | 31/30 | 28/6 | 25/9 | 26.4 ± 3.5 | 29.8 ± 2.2 | (5.9 ± 1.8) y | (6.1 ± 4.2) y | SP (ZFSRT[po, 60 mg, bid]) + CPT | CPT (SSZ) | 12 m | ①⑥⑧⑪⑫ |
| Lin [45] | 57/58 | NA | NA | 23.5 ± 13.4 | 24.7 ± 11.3 | 3 m∼11 y | 5 m∼12 y | SP (ZFSRT[po, 120 mg, bid]) + CPT | CPT (SSZ + NSAIDs + methotrexate) | 12 m | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩ |
| Yu [46] | 40/40 | 32/8 | 30/10 | 27.2 ± 3.0 | 26.7 ± 3.3 | (6.1 ± 1.2) y | (5.7 ± 1.5) y | SP (ZFSRT[po, 120 mg, bid]) +CPT | CPT (SSZ + Thalidomide + Meloxicam) | 3 m | ①③④⑤⑥⑦⑨⑪ |
| Jie [47] | 32/30 | NR | NR | NR | .NR | NR | NR | SP (ZFI[intra-articular injection, 35 ml, once a week]) + CPT | CPT (SSZ/Meloxicam) | 1 m | ②③⑤⑥⑦⑧⑪⑫ |
| An [48] | 25/24 | 19/6 | 20/4 | 30.2 ± 8.0 | 31.3 ± 7.0 | (6.3 ± 1) y | (6.9 ± 0.8) y | SP (ZFI[intra-articular injection, 2 ml, qod]) + CPT | CPT (IPT + vitamins + Ranitidine) | 1 m | ⑦ |
| Liu [49] | 60/60 | NA | NA | 26.5 ± 4.8 | 26 ± 4.5 | 6 m∼14 y | 6 m∼13 y | SP (ZFSRT[po, 60 mg, bid]) | CPT (SSZ) | 3 m | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨ |
| Chai [50] | 28/22 | 22/6 | 29/7 | 28.63 ± 5.23 | 27.98 ± 3.85 | (4.87 ± 1.09) y | (4.91 ± 1.27) y | SP (ZFSRT[po, 120 mg, bid]) | CPT (SSZ) | 2 m | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧ |
Note. E: experimental group; C: control group; M: male; F: female; ZFCT: Zhengqing Fengtongning Conventional Tablet; ZFSRT: Zhengqing Fengtongning Sustained Release Tablet; ZFI: Zhengqing Fengtongning Injection; SSZ: sulfasalazine; NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; IPT: inflammatory pain tablet; po: oral preparation; tid: three times a day; bid: twice a day; qod: every other day; y: year; m: month; w: week; NA: not available; ① morning stiffness time; ② Schober test; ③ chest expansion; ④ occipital wall test; ⑤ erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR); ⑥ C-reactive protein (CRP); ⑦ total effective rate; ⑧ adverse reactions; ⑨ finger-to-ground distance; ⑩ 15 m walking time; ⑪ Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI); ⑫ Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI).