Table 2.
Unadjusted total and incremental average annual healthcare expenditures (2015 US dollars) among adults with diabetes by the presence of eye complications (n = 8,420). Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2009, 2011, 2013, and 2015).
| Expenditures | Eye complications | No eye complications | Incremental difference | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ($) | 95% CI | Mean ($) | 95% CI | Mean ($) | 95% CI | ||
| Total | $19,921 | ($16,832–$23,010) | $11,585 | ($11,016–$12,155) | $8,335 | ($5,169–$11,502) | <0.001 |
| Inpatient | $5,551 | ($4,425–$6,677) | $3,006 | ($2,613–$3,399) | $2,545 | ($1,366–$3,723) | <0.001 |
| Outpatient | $5,771 | ($4,698–$6,843) | $3,328 | ($3,098–$3,558) | $2,442 | ($1,322–$3,563) | <0.001 |
| Prescription | $6,410 | ($5,032–$7,789) | $3,927 | ($3,692–$4,163) | $2,483 | ($1,072–$3,894) | 0.001 |
| Emergency | $504 | ($416–$591) | $351 | ($306–$396) | $153 | ($53–$252) | 0.003 |
| Others | $264 | ($158–$371) | $99 | ($80–$117) | $166 | ($58–$274) | 0.003 |
| Out-of-pocket | $1,568 | ($1,354–$1,782) | $1,314 | ($1,243–$1,385) | $254 | ($25–$484) | 0.030 |
Note: based on 8,420 adults aged 21 years or older, alive during the calendar years, and reported having diabetes.