Table 2.
Themes, categories and codes
| Themes | Categories | Codes |
|---|---|---|
| Acceptability of screening at health centre | Disease perception | Fear of diabetes complications |
| Fear of insulin | ||
| GDM not considered diabetes | ||
| Stigma | ||
| Provider choice | Preference of the private sector | |
| Communication barrier | Use of diabetes terminology | |
| Service barriers | Extra workload | |
| Waiting times | ||
| Provider attitude | Welcoming | |
| Familiarity with provider | ||
| Added value to existing service | Increasing value of ANC | |
| Availability of tests in facility | ||
| Demand induced | Increasing demand for testing | |
| Time gain | Organised referrals | |
| Reducing delays of external testing | ||
| Reducing expenses | Reduced/no costs for tests | |
| Accessibility of testing | Service availability | Testing material in place |
| Providers trained | ||
| IEC at health centre | ||
| Geographical accessibility | Short distance to the health facility | |
| Transport available | ||
| Financial accessibility | No expenses for testing | |
| Transport affordable | ||
| Cultural accessibility | Pre-defined role of women | |
| Lack of decision making power | ||
| Household responsibilities | ||
| Testing preconditions limiting | Consent | |
| Fasting | ||
| ANC timing | ||
| Management challenges | Diet | Extra expenses for food |
| Adaptation to local food | ||
| Isolation through diet | ||
| Time required for counselling | ||
| Medication (Insulin) | Fear of insulin | |
| Under-prescription | ||
| Unavailability | ||
| Material | Test-strips for self-testing expensive | |
| Diet brochures not adapted | ||
| Referral | Delay in getting appointments | |
| Communication/ Collaboration needs | Transparency of providers | Provision of information & education |
| Counselling of family members | ||
| Use of mobile phone | Linkage to specialist | |
| Used for follow-up | ||
| Husband and family support | Acceptance of diagnosis | |
| Adherence to follow-up | ||
| Meeting peers | Exchange of experience | |
| Anxiety reduction | ||
| Information on diet | ||
| Feeling of belonging | ||
| Provision of support | ||
| Exposure to positive examples | ||
| Private sector involvement | Different diagnostic thresholds used | |
| Conflicting information provided | ||
| Sensitization | Need for more training | |
| Importance of the role of media | ||
| Information on prevalence | ||
| Raising awareness of treatment | ||
| Including postpartum testing | ||
| Gain in motivation | Professional gains | Knowledge |
| Autonomy | ||
| Decision making | ||
| Performance | ||
| Empowerment | ||
| Teamwork | ||
| Patient acknowledgement | Trust | |
| Patient-provider relationship | ||
| Recognition | ||
| Personal gains | Self-esteem | |
| Responsibility | ||
| Service re-organization | Re-organisation | Limiting number of tests |
| Organising additional sessions | ||
| Task-shifting | ||
| Integration into existing service | ||
| Constraints for screening integration | Documentation need | |
| Service interruption | ||
| Extra workload | ||
| Lack of clarity about continuation after study |