Fig. 2.

2D visualization of molecular interaction of Spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 (6VXX) with a hydroxychloroquine, b nafamostat, c nimbin, d curcumin, e withaferin A, f piperine, g mangiferin, h thebaine, i berberine, j andrographolide, k quercetin, l luteolin, m resveratrol, n naringenin, o zingiberene, p β-caryophyllene, q citronellol, r eugenol, s gallic acid and t displays the color indication for interactions. H-bonding (dark green circles associated with the green dashed lines); van der Waals forces (medium light green circles); carbon–oxygen dipole–dipole interaction (light green circles with dashed lines); alkyl-pi interactions (light pink circles with dashed lines); T-shaped pi–pi stacking and (parallel) pi–pi stacking (both indicated with dark violet circles); cation-pi interaction (orange circle). The blue halo surrounding the interacting residues represents the solvent accessible surface that is proportional to its diameter. Images were generated using discovery studio visualizer 4 (color figure online)