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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 25.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Psychiatry. 2019 Nov 25;26(8):4355–4366. doi: 10.1038/s41380-019-0596-9

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Estimates for the association of education with drinking behaviors explained by the socioeconomic status. *Beta value was estimated using inverse-variance weighted Mendelian randomization methods; †The proportion of the association of education with drinking behaviors that was mediated by socioeconomic status was estimated by dividing the indirect effect by the total effect (P <0.0001 for all the effects with adjustment for age and sex according to observational results). SES, socioeconomic status.