Table 3.
Multilevel Structural Equation Model for GSA Engagement and Depressive Symptoms
| Estimated Paths | Coefficient | SE | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| GSA Engagement to Wave 2 Mediators | |||
| GSA engagement to perceived peer validation | 0.213*** | 0.054 | (0.107, 0.319) |
| GSA engagement to self-efficacy to promote social justice | 0.331*** | 0.066 | (0.201, 0.461) |
| GSA engagement to hope | 0.227** | 0.082 | (0.065, 0.388) |
| Wave 2 Mediators to Wave 2 Depressive Symptoms | |||
| Perceived peer validation to depressive symptoms | 0.291 | 0.302 | (−0.301, 0.884) |
| Self-efficacy to promote social justice to depressive symptoms | 0.092 | 0.226 | (−0.351, 0.536) |
| Hope to depressive symptoms | −1.633*** | 0.201 | (−2.026, −1.240) |
| Covariance among Wave 2 Mediators | |||
| Peer validation and self-efficacy to promote social justice | 0.362*** | 0.067 | (0.231, 0.493) |
| Peer validation and hope | 0.432*** | 0.078 | (0.279, 0.584) |
| Self-efficacy to promote social justice and hope | 0.795*** | 0.100 | (0.598, 0.992) |
| Autoregressive Associations at Level 1 | |||
| W1 perceived peer validation to W2 perceived peer validation | 0.350*** | 0.053 | (0.245, 0.454) |
| W1 self-efficacy to promote social justice to W2 self-efficacy to promote social justice | 0.430*** | 0.046 | (0.341, 0.520) |
| W1 hope to W2 hope | 0.464*** | 0.036 | (0.394, 0.534) |
| W1 depressive symptoms to W2 depressive symptoms | 0.533*** | 0.045 | (0.445, 0.621) |
| Demographic Covariates to Wave 2 Depressive Symptoms | |||
| Sexual minority identity to depressive symptoms (heterosexual as referent) | −0.056 | 0.748 | (−1.523, 1.411) |
| Racial/ethnic minority identity to depressive symptoms (White as referent) | −0.536 | 0.540 | (−1.595, 0.522) |
| Cisgender male to depressive symptoms (cisgender female as referent) | −2.148** | 0.672 | (−3.466, −0.830) |
| Gender expansive to depressive symptoms (cisgender female as referent) | −0.325 | 0.573 | (−1.448, 0.799) |
| Group-level Predictors to Wave 2 Group-Level Depressive Symptoms | |||
| W1 depressive symptoms to W2 depressive symptoms | 0.249 | 1.040 | (−1.788, 2.287) |
| Mental health-related discussions to depressive symptoms | −0.530* | 0.280 | (−1.079, 0.020) |
| Advisor self-efficacy to address SGM issues to depressive symptoms | 0.682 | 0.633 | (−0.558, 1.923) |
| Number of GSA meetings to depressive symptoms | −0.107* | 0.048 | (−0.201, −0.012) |
Note. Values are unstandardized coefficient estimates, their standard errors (SE), and 95% confidence intervals (CI). W1 = Wave 1; W2 = Wave 2.
***
p < .001.
**
p < .01.
*
p ≤ .05.