TABLE 1.
Biological responses used for each taxonomic group in the meta‐analysis
| Taxonomic group | Biological response |
|---|---|
| Prokaryotes | |
| Bacteria | Abundance |
| Productivity | |
| Autotrophic eukaryotes | |
| Phytoplankton | Chlorophyll a concentration (Chl a) |
| Net primary productivity (NPP) | |
| Gross primary productivity (GPP) | |
| Effective quantum yield (F v/F m) | |
| Relative electron transport rate (rETR) | |
| Extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity (eCA) | |
| Total fatty acid content (fatty acids) | |
| Particulate organic carbon concentration (POC) | |
| Growth rate a | |
| Macroalgae | Chlorophyll a concentration (Chl a) |
| Effective quantum yield (F v/F m) | |
| Relative electron transport rate (rETR) | |
| Protein content (protein) | |
| Growth rate | |
| Heterotrophic eukaryotes | |
| Invertebrates | Development (fertilization rate or normal development |
| Shell state (adult calcification or dissolution rate) | |
| Growth rate (in adults) | |
| Survival (in adults) | |
| Behavior (adult maximal escape speeds) | |
| Feeding (adult consumption rate or energy absorbed) | |
| Fish | Survival (of embryos) |
| Oxygen (O2) consumption rates (in adults) | |
| Cellular aerobic potential, measured by citrate synthase enzyme activity in adults (CS) | |
| Growth rate (in adults) | |
| Heart rate (in adults) | |
a
If cell concentration was reported, then growth rate was calculated using (Pearce et al., 2007).