Table 2.
Number and Proportion of Samples Positive for Heartland Virus, Viral RNA, and Neutralizing Antibodies for Heartland Virus Disease Case Patients by Number of Days the Specimen Was Collected After Onset of Illnessa
| Virus by Culture | RNA by RT-PCR | Neutralizing Antibodies by PRNT | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days Post–Illness Onset | No. Positive/No. Tested (%) | No. Positive/No. Tested (%) | No. Positive/No. Tested (%) | |||
| 1–7 | 2/4 | (50) | 4/5b | (80) | 0/5 | (0) |
| 8–14 | 3/7 | (45) | 9/12 | (75) | 7/14 | (50) |
| 15–21 | 0/0 | (0) | 0/1 | (0) | 3/3 | (100) |
| >21 | 0/0 | (0) | 1/1c | (100) | 8/8 | (100) |
Abbreviations: PRNT, plaque reduction neutralization test; RNA, ribonucleic acid; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.
aImmunoglobulin M antibody test results are not presented, as the assay was developed during enrollment of participants.
bThree were RT-PCR-positive, 1 equivocal, and 1 negative; note that 1 patient had positive RT-PCR results for 2 specimens collected on days 5 and 7 post–illness onset. Data from only 1 sample are included in the table, as the results were the same.
cPostmortem whole-blood sample collected at 23 days from an individual who was immunocompromised due to receipt of monoclonal antibody therapy; PRNT could not be performed on the whole-blood sample.