Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants categorized by baseline SUA
|
Baseline characteristics N = 1095 |
Normal SUA N = 926 Men: <7.0 mg/dL, women: <6.0 mg/dL |
Hyperuricemia N = 169 Men: ≥7.0 mg/dL, women: ≥6.0 mg/dL |
P‐value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men, N (%) | 367 (39.6) | 93 (55.0) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 68 ± 9 | 69 ± 9 | 0.386 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.6 ± 3.0 | 23.4 ± 2.8 | 0.001 |
| Smoking statusa (%) | 74.5/16.7/2.8/5.9 | 62.7/26.6/3.6/7.1 | 0.012 |
| Drinking statusb (%) | 53.7/22.8/8.7/14.8 | 20.9/26.0/14.2/30.8 | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease, N (%) | 43 (4.6) | 18 (10.7) | 0.005 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 134 ± 17 | 136 ± 15 | 0.087 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77 ± 10 | 80 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive medication, N (%) | 374 (40.4) | 88 (52.1) | 0.005 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 85 (65‐117) | 94 (69‐146) | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 67 ± 17 | 63 ± 16 | 0.011 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 121 ± 29 | 116 ± 31 | 0.844 |
| Antilipidemic medication, N (%) | 219 (23.7) | 38 (22.5) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5.7 (5.4‐5.9) | 5.7 (5.4‐6.0) | 0.071 |
| Antidiabetic medication, N (%) | 71 (7.7) | 17 (10.1) | 0.284 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 74.3 ± 9.6 | 66.3 ± 15.0 | <0.001 |
| SUA (mg/dL) | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 7.2 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; SUA, serum uric acid.
Smoking status was defined as the number of cigarette packs per day multiplied by the number of years smoked (pack‐year), and the participants were classified into never smokers, past smokers, light smokers (<20 pack‐year), and heavy smokers (≥20 pack‐year).
Alcohol consumption was measured using the Japanese liquor unit in which a unit corresponds to 22.9 g of ethanol, and the participants were classified into never drinkers, occasional drinkers (<1 unit/d), daily light drinkers (1‐2 unit/d), and daily heavy drinkers (2‐3 unit/d). Data presented are mean ± standard deviation. Data for triglycerides and hemoglobin A1c were skewed and presented as median (interquartile range) values, and were log‐transformed for analysis.
P‐value: Student's t test for continuous variables or the chi‐square test for categorical variables. Bolded numbers indicate significance.