Figure 3.

The final model. In this model, the expert panel felt that it was important to greatly simplify the model in response to reviewer concerns about the original model by removing temporal sequencing, including all of the measured outcomes, and to consider enhancements to broader cognitive function as a part of the outcome, rather than part of the intervention (Figure 2). In addition, after learning about the experiences that the executive function coaches have had with the clients, the expert panel felt that part of the intervention entailed adding a “friendly face,” or a friend to talk with about the participants’ problems. (1) Measured using the Three-Item Loneliness Scale; (2) measured using the Insomnia Severity Index; (3) measured using the Beck Anxiety Inventory; (4) measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9; (5) measured using the Perceived Stress Scale; (6) Blood Pressure, C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-6, Hemoglobin A1c; (7) measured by trained examiner three times; (8) measured using the Eating at America’s Table Survey; (9) measured using questions taken from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; (10) measured height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio; (11) measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and the Flanker + Dimensional Card Sort tasks from NIH Toolbox; (12) measured using the National Death Index. Note: Serum will be banked for possible future biomarker analyses such as conserved transcriptional response to adversity, gene X environment studies, biological clock studies, and metabolomic studies as these are rapidly evolving fields of study that will undoubtedly change over the period of performance of the grant.