Table 3.
Preliminary combination index (CI) values of non-equimolar combinations of curcumin (C), sulforaphane (S), and dihydrocaffeic acid (D) on the viability of Caco-2 colon cancer cells.
| Combination | Doses (μM) | Proportions | Cytotoxicity Level (%) | CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD | 45:10 | 9:2 | 64 | 0.79 ± 0.01g |
| 35:20 | 7:4 | 15 | 1.41 ± 0.36efg | |
| 20:80 | 1:4 | 52 | 0.88 ± 0.02fg | |
| SC | 30:10 | 3:1 | 35 | 2.63 ± 0.09bc |
| 25:5 | 5:1 | 29 | 2.31 ± 0.15bcd | |
| 10:35 | 2:7 | 34 | 1.58 ± 0.15ef | |
| SD | 30:10 | 3:1 | 25 | 2.90 ± 0.19b |
| 15:10 | 3:2 | 5 | 2.80 ± 0.40b | |
| 15:80 | 3:16 | 44 | 1.66 ± 0.10de | |
| CSD | 35:5:5 | 7:1:1 | 62 | 0.90 ± 0.07fg |
| 15:5:80 | 3:1:16 | 5 | 3.70 ± 0.52a | |
| 5:25:5 | 1:5:1 | 38 | 2.06 ± 0.05cde |
Values represent the mean ± standard error of two independent experiments performed on different days, with each experiment having three replicates. Different letters indicate statistically significant difference by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Synergistic combinations are highlighted in bold.