Figure 2.

Exposure to particulate matter increased levels of 4HNE after 1 week and 2 weeks of exposure. Representative immunofluorescence images of levels of 4HNE (green color) in human 3D intestinal tissues after 1 week (A) or 2 weeks (B) of exposure with the following doses of PM: 50, 100, 150, 250, and 500 µg/cm². Green staining represents 4HNE. Blue staining represents DAPI. Quantification of at least 3 independent images taken of stained tissues from two independent experiments is represented in graphs A and B. Data are expressed as arbitrary units (averages ± SEM of two experiments, * p < 0.05).