Figure 1.

Cytotoxicity of coloured rice phenolic extracts (CRPE) on INS-1E cells. The cells were exposed to coloured rice extracts (purple [A] and Yunlu29 [B]) at various concentrations for 6 h, followed by resazurin red assay (n = 5). Asterisks indicate significant differences to the control group (DMSO), where, ****p < 0.0001; one-way ANOVA with turkey’s multiple comparison post hoc test. Data is presented as mean ± SEM. DMSO–-dimethyl sulfoxide; H₂O₂ –-Hydrogen peroxide.