AIDA-I	Adhesin involved in diffuse adherence
ANOVA	Analysis of variance
APEC	Avian pathogenic E. coli
CNF1	Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1
DAPI	4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole
EAEC	Enteroaggregative E. coli
EPEC	Enteropathogenic E. coli
ExPEC	Extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli
LDH	Lactate dehydrogenase
LEE	Locus of enterocyte effacement
LPS	Lipopolysaccharides
OD	Optical density
PAS	Periodic acid–Schiff
PMSF	Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
SDS-PAGE	Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
SPATEs	Serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae
TEM	Transmission electron microscopy
UPEC	Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
UTIs	Urinary tract infections