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. 2020 Apr 30;21(9):3177. doi: 10.3390/ijms21093177

Figure 1.

Figure 1

17β-estradiol (E2)-induced methylation mechanism. Liganded estrogen receptor (ER) binds to the estrogen responsive element (ERE) in the genome. Estrogen receptor recruits histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC), polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) (A). The HDAC removes acetyl groups from the histone 3’s 27th lysine residue (H3K27). EZH2 places three methyl groups, 3Me, on H3K27 [29] (B). DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b) recognizes the methylated H3K27 and methylates the cytosine (C) in a CpG island (C) [44].