Table 2.
Associations between demographic, food security, and functional status and depression status.
| Variables | Non-Depressed n (%) | Depressed n (%) | χ2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years): | - | 0.746 | ||
| <75 | 171 (89.5) | 27 (93.1) | ||
| ≥75 | 20 (10.5) | 2 (6.9) | ||
| Sex: | 1.239 | 0.266 | ||
| Male | 84 (44.0) | 9 (31.0) | ||
| Female | 107 (56.0) | 20 (69.0) | ||
| Marital status: | 1.483 | 0.223 | ||
| Married | 131 (68.6) | 16 (55.2) | ||
| Non-married | 60 (31.4) | 13 (44.8) | ||
| Education level: | 1.129 | 0.288 | ||
| Below secondary level | 129 (67.5) | 23 (79.3) | ||
| Secondary/tertiary level | 62 (32.5) | 6 (20.7) | ||
| Monthly income (RM): | 1.266 | 0.260 | ||
| <RM 940 | 100 (52.4) | 19 (65.5) | ||
| ≥RM 940 | 91 (47.6) | 10 (34.5) | ||
| Food security status: | 8.590 | 0.003 * | ||
| Food-secure | 160 (83.8) | 17 (58.6) | ||
| Food-insecure | 31 (16.2) | 12 (41.4) | ||
| Psychosocial status: | 0.001 * | |||
| Normal | 166 (86.9) | 17 (58.6) | ||
| At risk of social isolation | 25 (13.1) | 12 (41.4) | ||
| Physical capacity: | - | 0.130 | ||
| Independent | 184 (96.3) | 26 (89.7) | ||
| Dependent | 7 (3.7) | 3 (10.3) | ||
| Mobility status: | 7.098 | 0.008 * | ||
| Safe | 157 (82.2) | 17 (58.6) | ||
| Unsafe | 34 (17.8) | 12 (41.4) |
* Significant at p < 0.05.