Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and smoking status of participants
| Variables | Patient group (n=126) | Control group (n=210) | P* |
| Age (years) | 48.67±16.5 | 49.35±15.3 | 0.703 |
| Gender | 0.296 | ||
| Female | 70 (55.6) | 112 (53.3) | |
| Male | 56 (44.4) | 98 (46.7) | |
| Education | 0.725 | ||
| Illiterate | 34 (27.0) | 51 (24.3) | |
| Primary school | 43 (34.1) | 77 (36.7) | |
| High school | 25 (19.8) | 45 (21.4) | |
| University | 24 (19.0) | 37 (17.6) | |
| Marital status | 0.567 | ||
| Single | 47 (37.3) | 71 (33.8) | |
| Married | 79 (62.7) | 139 (66.2) | |
| Smoking status | 0.911 | ||
| Never-smoker | 99 (78.6) | 169 (80.5) | |
| Current smokers | 22 (17.5) | 33 (15.7) | |
| Past smokers | 5 (3.9) | 8 (3.8) | |
| Ever smokers | 27 (21.4) | 41 (19.5) | |
| Pack-years of smoking | 33.49±15.8 | 24.21±14.9 | 0.148 |
Categorical and quantitative variables were displayed as numbers (percentages) and means ± SD, respectively.
P < 0.05 was considered significant.
* P values indicate comparison between groups (Independent-sample t test or Chi squared, as appropriate).