Table 3.
Validation Results on Respectful Maternity Care Quality Indicators in Northern Ethiopia (N = 455)
| Indicators | Women’s reported Prev (%) | True prev (%) | Sensitivity of women’s self-report (95% CI) | Specificity of women’s self-report (95% CI) | Population survey estimate (Pr) | AUC (95% CI) | IF | Criteria Met |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women and companion were greeted respectfully | 81.54 | 59.78 | 90.81(86.73–93.96) | 31.69(25.03–38.97) | 74.13 | 0.61(0.56–0.66) | 1.24 | Both |
| Provider actively listened to the women | 82.20 | 70.33 | 91.56(89.60–94.11) | 39.26(30.97–48.03) | 82.42 | 0.66(0.61–0.70) | 1.17 | Both |
| Women allowed to have a companion of choice during labor | 77.36 | 63.08 | 84.32(79.59–88.33) | 32.14(25.16–39.77) | 78.24 | 0.61(0.52–0.67) | 1.24 | Both |
| Women were encouraged to ambulate during labor | 70.99 | 64.84 | 82.37(77.54–86.55) | 49.38(41.39–57.38) | 71.21 | 0.66(0.61–0.70) | 1.10 | Both |
| Women encouraged/assisted to drink liquids or eat during labor | 86.59 | 75.82 | 91.30(87.8–94.06) | 17.27(10.73–25.65) | 89.23 | 0.63(0.58–0.69) | 1.18 | Both |
| Privacy provided during clinical care | 78.24 | 64.84 | 82.71(77.90–86.85) | 30.0(23.02–37.74) | 78.24 | 0.64(0.58–0.68) | 1.21 | Both |
| Provider spent enough time with the mother | 70.99 | 65.93 | 80.67(75.74–84.98) | 44.52(36.54–52.70) | 72.09 | 0.62(0.57–0.66) | 1.09 | Both |
| Provider introduced self to women | 54.29 | 23.96 | 81.65(73.09–88.42) | 54.34(48.92–59.67) | 54.28 | 0.68(0.63–0.72) | 2.27 | AUC |
| What will happen to women in labor was explained at least once | 54.95 | 30.33 | 71.74(63.45–79.07) | 49.84(44.20–55.48) | 56.71 | 0.61(0.56–0.65) | 1.87 | AUC |
| Women were encouraged to assume different positions during labor | 56.04 | 36.26 | 74.55(67.19–81.01) | 53.10(47.18–58.96) | 56.93 | 0.63(0.58–0.68) | 1.57 | AUC |
| Providers responded professionally when women asked for help | 94.95 | 88.13 | 97.26(95.14–98.62) | 20.37(10.63–33.53) | 95.17 | 0.58(0.53–0.63) | 1.08 | IF |
| Provider did not physically abuse the women | 87.47 | 81.32 | 88.92(85.27–91.93) | 18.82(11.16–28.76) | 87.47 | 0.61(0.54–0.67) | 1.08 | IF |
| Provider did not abandon patient without care | 61.32 | 81.76 | 61.83(56.68–66.79) | 40.96(30.28–52.31) | 61.32 | 0.52(0.47–0.56) | 0.75 | IF |
| Provider demonstrated good communication, collaboration with clients and colleagues | 76.48 | 87.25 | 91.95(88.58–94.59) | 23.36(15.72–32.53) | 90.00 | 0.56(0.52–0.61) | 1.03 | IF |
| Women provided oral consent before examination | 49.89 | 37.80 | 60.47(52.74–67.82) | 55.83(49.83–61.70) | 50.33 | 0.58(0.54–0.63) | 1.33 | No |
| Women allowed to have a companion during delivery | 23.74 | 18.90 | 23.26(14.82–33.61) | 76.15(71.47–80.41) | 23.74 | 0.50(0.45–0.54) | 1.26 | No |
| Women were not verbally abused | 94.73 | 73.41 | 94.91(91.98–97.01) | 5.79(2.36–11.56) | 94.72 | 0.51(0.46–0.55) | 1.29 | No |
| Treat clients equally without discrimination | 93.85 | 71.43 | 97.85(95.61–99.13) | 16.15(10.29–23.63) | 93.85 | 0.57(0.53–0.62) | 1.31 | No |
Notes: True prevalence indicates observers’ prevalence
Criteria Met - Indicator meets either both AUC and IF, AUC only or IF only after validation analysis done
IF Inflation factor, AUC Area under receiver operating characteristic curve