Table 2.
Means scores based on marginal models with crude standard deviations before and after cognitive behavioral group therapy
| Rating scale | Pretreatment (n = 139) | Start of treatment (n = 173) | End of treatment (n = 170) | 3-month follow-up (n = 142) | 1-year follow-up (n = 118) | Long-term follow-up (n = 68) | Effect sizea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PARS-tot. | 1.5 (0.9) | 1.5 (0.9) | 0.4 (0.5) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.3 (0.5) | −1.6 |
| PARS-sep. | 1.6 (1.0) | 1.5 (1.0) | 0.4 (0.5) | 0.3 (0.6) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.3 (0.5) | −1.6 |
| PARS-soc. | 1.5 (1.1) | 1.5 (1.1) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.5 (0.8) | 0.5 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.5) | −1.4 |
| MI-AAC | 50.5 (20.1) | 50.6 (19.3) | 34.4 (11.0) | 33.7 (10.8) | 33.3 (13.1) | 31.4 (7.2) | −1.3 |
| MI-AAL | 69.2 (25.0) | 67.8 (27.2) | 42.3 (15.8) | 41.2 (15.6) | 40.5 (19.4) | 37.5 (14.5) | −1.6 |
| ACQ | 37.0 (10.1) | 37.8 (11.1) | 25.9 (9.0) | 24.1 (9.0) | 22.9 (7.6) | 21.8 (7.7) | −1.7 |
| BSQ | 47.3 (13.6) | 46.6 (12.4) | 29.9 (10.5) | 28.9 (11.1) | 28.4 (12.2) | 28.2 (11.5) | −1.5 |
| BDI | 16.7 (8.2) | 15.5 (8.6) | 7.4 (6.8) | 7.3 (8.1) | 6.5 (8.1) | 5.9 (5.9) | −1.5 |
Long-term follow-up (mean = 24 years; range = 12–31 years)
Abbreviations: ACQ Anxiety Cognitions Questionnaire, ACS Agoraphobic Cognitions Scale, BDI Beck Depression Inventory, BSQ Body Sensation Questionnaire, MI-ACC Mobility Inventory for Agoraphobia, Avoidance Accompanied, MI-ALL Mobility Inventory for Agoraphobia, Avoidance Alone, PARS Phobic Avoidance Rating Scale, PARS-sep PARS Separation Subscale, PARS-soc PARS Social Subscale
P-values were < 0.001 for the effect of time on all scales
a Effect size: (Long-term follow-up – Pretreatment / pooled standard deviation)