Gβ5–R7 promotes GSIS in MIN6 cells and pancreatic islets. MIN6 cells or pancreatic islets isolated from Gnb5+/+ and Gnb5−/− mice were incubated with 3 mm glucose before stimulation with 16.7 mm glucose. Supernatant was subjected to insulin ELISA. A, data on the Gnb5+/+ and Gnb5−/− MIN6 cells from Fig. 1 were analyzed with single-factor analysis of variance with five independent cell cultures. B, islets were prepared and treated as described under “Experimental procedures.” Secretion of insulin was measured by ELISA using islets from three independent preparations. Bar graphs show mean ± S.D. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. Gray columns, Gnb5+/+; white columns, Gnb5−/−.