Figure 1. Whole genome phylogeny including three new non-pathogenic Paraburkholderia species found in association with D. discoideum and Burkholderia sensu lato species.

We estimated the phylogenetic relationships of D. discoideum-associated symbionts (in bold) with 70 known species Burkholderia sensu lato and an outgroup species Ralstonia pickettii. We used k-mer frequencies (k = 43) of each genome and created an alignment and assembly-free distance tree. We ran 100 nonparametric bootstraps by resampling 1/k of the rows of the shared k-mer table. Any bootstrap values smaller than 100% are shown on the tree, and all other bootstrap values were fully supported.