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. 2020 May 20;15:695–714. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S245595

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© 2020 Granic et al.

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

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Hypothesized myoprotective properties of nutrients in liquid milk.

Notes: Hypothesized health effects and function of milk nutrients and bioactive components on muscle may include energy, minerals and vitamin delivery, anabolic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory pathways. Common pathways across the nutrients and non-nutrients are presented in the outer circle in white. © Newcastle University. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/.

Abbreviations: EAA, essential amino acids; MFGM, milk fat globule membrane; MPS, muscle protein synthesis.