Table 2.
Effect of CPAP therapy on clinical and polygraphic variables during follow-up.
| Baseline visit | CPAP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 months | 6 months | 5 years | ||
| Polygraphic data | ||||
| AHI (events/h) | 57.9 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 2.3 |
| (51.3–72.5 [52–71]) | (0.5–2.95 [0.5–2.7])** | (0–2.1 [0–2.1])** | (1–4.0 [1.6–3.9])** | |
| ODI (events/h) | 61.1 | 3 | 1.8 | 2.3 |
| (50–67.5 [53–66]) | (2–5.35 [2–4.8])** | (0.9–4.5 [0.8–4.6])** | (1.1–4.5 [1.4–3.3])** | |
| Mean SaO2 (%) | 90 | 93 | 94 | 94 |
| (88–94 [90–91]) | (92–95 [92–95])** | (91–95 [92–94])* | (93–95 [94–95])** | |
| Minimal SaO2 (%) | 73 | 86 | 85 | 89 |
| (65–77 [64–77]) | (82–88 [85–88])** | (82–89 [76–93])* | (86–91 [86–90])** | |
| TIB90% (%) | 27 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 |
| (14.8–45.0 [20–39]) | (0–4.2 [0.1–4])* | (0–6.4 [0–2.1])* | (0–0.25 [0–0.1])* | |
| ESS score | 12 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 3.8 |
| (7.2–14.1 [9–13]) | (3.5–5.8 [3–6])* | (2.9–4.2 [2–5])* | (1.8–7.1 [2–7])** | |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| WBC (×109/L) | 7.3 ± 1.5 (6.7–7.9) | 6.5 ± 1.3 (6.0–7.1) | 7.3 ± 3.2 5.8–8.9) | 7.0 ± 1.2 (6.6–7.4) |
| CRP (mg/L) | 8.6 ± 6.4 (5.9–11.2) | 6.4 ± 7.4 (3.1–9.7) | 9.4 ± 7.1 (6.1–12.7) | 6.4 ± 4.5 (4.6–8.1) |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 6.6 ± 2.3 (5.6–7.5) | 6.8 ± 2.5 (5.8–7.9) | 6.5 ± 1.8 (5.9–7.4) | 5.8 ± 1.4 (5.3–6.3) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 35.7 ± 5.7 (33.5–37.9) | 35.8 ± 6.0 (33.3–38.3) | 35.1 ± 4.9 (30.9–39.2) | 35.7 ± 6.1 (33.2–38.2) |
| CPAP adherence (h/night)# | — | 6.07 ± 1.0 (5.9–6.5) | 6.09 ± 1.1 (6.0–6.7) | 6.47 ± 1.2 (6.0–6.9) |
Data are presented as mean ± SD (95% CI) or median (IQR [95% CI]). CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure, AHI: apnoea-hypopnoea index, ODI: oxygen desaturation index, SaO2: arterial oxygen saturation, TIB90%: percentage of time in bed with arterial oxygen saturation less than 90%, ESS: Epworth sleepiness scale, WBC: white blood cell count, CRP: C-reactive protein, BMI: body mass index. #CPAP adherence data for the 2 month, 6 month and 5 year visits represent CPAP use in the first two months, months 3–6 and the last 6 months before the end of the study, respectively. *p < 0.01 and **p < 0.0001 vs. baseline visit.