Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pediatr. 2020 Jun;221:39–46.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.02.038

Table 6,

online: Characteristics of unmatched infants

n (column %) or mean (standard deviation)a Prolonged antibiotics n=797 No prolonged antibiotics n=648 p-valueb
Maternal education 0.001
 < High School degree 164 (22.8) 101 (17.6)
 High School degree 193 (26.8) 205 (35.7)
 > High School degree 363 (50.4) 269 (46.8)
 Unknown/missing 77 73
Maternal medical insurance <0.001
 Private 360 (46.9) 220 (34.1)
 Public/self-pay/other 408 (53.1) 425 (65.9)
 Unknown/missing 29 3
Maternal race/ethnicity <0.001
 Black, non-Hispanic 326 (41.0) 233 (36.8)
 White, non-Hispanic 296 (37.2) 306 (48.3)
 Hispanic 109 (13.7) 87 (13.7)
 Other 64 (8.1) 8 (1.3)
 Unknown/missing 2 14
Maternal hypertension 98 (12.4) 221 (34.3) <0.001
Antepartum hemorrhage 149 (18.7) 166 (25.7) 0.001
Maternal clinical chorioamnionitis 402 (50.9) 7 (1.1) <0.001
Maternal antibiotics during delivery admission 651 (84.0) 430 (67.0) <0.001
 Unknown/missing 22 6
Antenatal steroids 684 (86.9) 602 (93.8) <0.001
 Unknown/missing 10 6
Cesarean section 420 (52.8) 513 (79.2) <0.001
Membrane rupture <0.001
 >18 hours 374 (47.6) 54 (8.5)
 ≤ 18 hours 412 (52.4) 583 (91.5)
 Unknown/missing 11 11
GA weeks, mean (SD) 24.3 (1.1) 25.3 (0.8) <0.001
By GA week <0.001
 22 25 (3.1) 4 (0.6)
 23 174 (21.8) 11 (1.7)
 24 262 (32.9) 96 (14.8)
 25 201 (25.2) 230 (35.5)
 26 135 (16.9) 307 (47.4)
BW grams, mean (SD) 673 (130) 785 (130) <0.001
Male 414 (52.0) 285 (44.2) 0.003
Endotracheal intubation at birth 731 (91.8) 414 (64.0) <0.001
Infant temperature within 60 minutes of birth <0.001
 ≥ 96.5 F 495 (68.1) 525 (84.8)
 < 96.5 F 232 (31.9) 94 (15.2)
 Unknown/missing 70 29
Highest respiratory support at 24 hours <0.001
 High-frequency ventilation 385 (48.6) 1 (0.2)
 Conventional ventilation 338 (42.7) 276 (42.9)
 NIMV 17 (2.1) 55 (8.5)
 CPAP 38 (4.8) 282 (43.8)
 Other/no support 14 (1.8) 30 (4.7)
Severe IVH diagnosed within 7 days <0.001
 Yes 114 (14.4) 4 (0.6)
 No 679 (85.6) 637 (99.4)
 No sonogram/missing 4 7
Enteral feeds started within 3 days 147 (18.5) 454 (70.4) <0.001

BW, birth weight; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; EOS, early-onset sepsis; GA, gestational age; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; NIMV, non-invasive intermittent mandatory ventilation; SIP, spontaneous intestinal perforation.

a

The number of infants with unknown/missing information is shown for characteristics with information missing for ≥1% of infants. Otherwise, information was missing for: maternal hypertension, 7; antepartum hemorrhage, 4; maternal clinical chorioamnionitis, 12; cesarean section, 1; male sex, 4; endotracheal intubation, 2; highest respiratory support at 24 h, 9; enteral feeds within 3 days, 4 infants.

b

p-value by chi-square test (categorical variables) or T test (continuous variables).