Fig 1.

Example data for an arbitrary quantity measured in 25 individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 25 typically developing (TD) individuals. Values for both groups are sampled from normal distributions with equal variances. Comparison of group means (denoted by the solid horizontal lines) with Student’s t-test yields a p-value of 0.033, indicating a statistically significant difference at a significance level of α = 0.05. However, the difference in group means is not sufficient for meaningful classification due to the overlap in the distributions of the measurements of the ASD and TD groups.