Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in training and validation cohorts.
| Characteristics | Training cohort (n = 204) | Validation cohort (n = 88) | P (inter) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IHPC (n = 109) | Meningioma (n = 95) | P (intra) | IHPC (n = 46) | Meningioma (n = 42) | P (intra) | ||
|
Age (median [IQR]) |
43 (31.51) | 50 (39.58) | 0.003 | 42 (28.49) | 51 (38.58) | 0.015 | 0.570 |
| Gender | 0.359 | ||||||
| Male | 56 (51.4) | 44 (46.3) | 0.471 | 22 (47.8) | 16 (38.1) | 0.357 | |
| Female | 53 (51.0) | 51 (53.7) | 24 (52.2) | 26 (61.9) | |||
|
Course of disease (median [IQR]) |
4 (2.12) | 6 (1.24) | 0.063 | 3 (2.12) | 4.5 (1.24) | 0.177 | 0.439 |
| Location 1 | 0.240 | ||||||
| Frontal | 44 (40.4) | 64 (67.4) | <0.001 | 21 (45.7) | 19 (45.2) | 0.969 | |
| Posterior | 65 (59.6) | 31 (32.6) | 25 (54.3) | 23 (54.8) | |||
| Location 2 | 0.730 | ||||||
| Supra | 84 (77.1) | 89 (93.7) | 0.001 | 35 (76.1) | 41 (97.6) | 0.003 | |
| Infra | 25 (22.9) | 6 (6.3) | 11 (23.9) | 1 (2.4) | |||
| Location 3 | 0.732 | ||||||
| Left | 35 (32.1) | 34 (35.8) | 0.041 | 11 (23.9) | 23 (54.8) | 0.001 | |
| Right | 34 (31.2) | 41 (43.2) | 15 (32.6) | 15 (35.7) | |||
| Both | 40 (36.7) | 20 (21.1) | 20 (43.5) | 4 (9.5) | |||
| Midline type | 0.148 | ||||||
| Yes | 81 (74.3) | 64 (67.4) | 0.275 | 35 (76.1) | 20 (47.6) | 0.006 | |
| No | 28 (25.7) | 31 (32.6) | 11 (23.9) | 22 (52.4) | |||
| Venous sinus invasion | 0.801 | ||||||
| Yes | 49 (45.0) | 47 (49.5) | 0.519 | 22 (47.8) | 18 (42.9) | 0.640 | |
| No | 60 (55.0) | 48 (50.5) | 24 (52.2) | 24 (57.1) | |||
| Dural tail sign | 0.169 | ||||||
| Yes | 18 (16.5) | 52 (54.7) | <0.001 | 5 (10.9) | 18 (42.9) | 0.001 | |
| No | 91 (83.5) | 43 (45.3) | 41 (89.1) | 24 (57.1) | |||
| Tumor shape | 0.080 | ||||||
| Regular | 11 (10.1) | 9 (9.5) | 0.882 | 5 (10.9) | 10 (23.8) | 0.107 | |
| Irregular | 98 (89.9) | 86 (90.5) | 41 (89.1) | 32 (76.2) | |||
| Enhancement pattern | 0.997 | ||||||
| Homogeneous | 25 (22.9) | 19 (20.0) | 0.611 | 10 (21.7) | 9 (21.4) | 0.972 | |
| Heterogeneous | 84 (77.1) | 76 (80.0) | 36 (78.3) | 33 (78.6) | |||
| Tumor margin | 0.314 | ||||||
| Clear | 20 (18.3) | 31 (32.6) | 0.019 | 11 (23.9) | 16 (38.1) | 0.150 | |
| Unclear | 89 (81.7) | 64 (67.4) | 35 (76.1) | 26 (61.9) | |||
| Peritumoral edema | 0.075 | ||||||
| Absent | 25 (22.9) | 13 (13.7) | 0.007 | 16 (34.8) | 11 (26.2) | 0.052 | |
| Moderate | 60 (63.2) | 75 (68.8) | 28 (60.9) | 22 (52.4) | |||
| Extensive | 9 (8.3) | 22 (23.2) | 2 (4.3) | 9 (21.4) | |||
| Serpentine signal voids | 0.699 | ||||||
| Yes | 96 (88.1) | 68 (71.6) | 0.003 | 40 (87.0) | 29 (69.0) | 0.041 | |
| No | 13 (11.9) | 27 (28.4) | 6 (13.0) | 13 (31.0) | |||
IHPC, intracranial hemangiopericytoma; P (Intra) is the result of univariable analyses between methylated and unmethylated groups; P (Inter) represents whether there exists significant difference between training and validation cohorts; IQR represents the interquartile range. Unless otherwise specified, data are numbers of patients, with percentages in parentheses.