Figure 4.

Model for cortical signal propagation by nearest neighbor recruitment. In an activated cortical network with desynchronized background activity (as observed in normal waking states), local stimulation elicits waves that weakly entrain neuronal spiking as they travel across the network. In a quiescent cortical network with almost no background activity (as in deeply anesthetized states) local stimulation elicits dense traveling waves, which recruit nearly all cells as they pass. Spheres represent neurons whose membrane potential is indicated by color. Based on Muller et al. (2018).