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. 2020 Apr 29;25(9):2076. doi: 10.3390/molecules25092076

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). (A) Schematic representation of functional domains in PPAR. AF-1: domain of activation function 1; DBD: DNA-binding domain; LBD: ligand binding domain; AF-2: domain of activation function 2. (B) Mechanism of PPAR-RXR signaling. Upon ligand binding, the heterodimer PPAR: RXR translocates into the nucleus, where it binds to target DNA in correspondence with peroxisome proliferator hormone response elements (PPREs). This step initiates structural alterations essential to target gene modulation by PPARs.