Table 4.
Concentration (µg/L) of bound compounds in aged wine samples. Mean, standard deviation (SD) and ANOVA.
| Control | Fruttaio | On-Vine | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compounds | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p-Value |
| Alcohols | |||||||
| Phenylethyl alcohol | 121.4 ab | ±7.8 | 96.2 a | ±21.9 | 146.9 b | ±9.4 | 0.015 |
| C6 alcohols | |||||||
| 1-Hexanol | 84.6 a | ±6.7 | 84.8 a | ±14.0 | 82.8 a | ±7.4 | 0.965 |
| trans-3-Hexen-1-ol | 0.588 a | ±0.035 | 0.852 b | ±0.163 | 0.750 ab | ±0.065 | 0.054 |
| cis-3-Hexen-1-ol | 22.6 b | ±1.6 | 11.2 a | ±5.2 | 13.8 a | ±0.8 | 0.011 |
| Terpenes | |||||||
| cis-Linalooloxide | 2.23 a | ±0.26 | 2.41 a | ±0.46 | 2.79 a | ±0.32 | 0.229 |
| trans-Linalooloxide | 2.83 a | ±0.74 | 3.05 a | ±0.71 | 3.68 a | ±0.64 | 0.366 |
| Linalool | <LOQ | <LOQ | <LOQ | ||||
| Terpinen-4-ol | <LOQ | <LOQ | <LOQ | ||||
| α-Terpineol | 0.182 a | ±0.029 | 0.977 b | ±0.253 | 0.977 b | ±0.140 | 0.009 |
| β-Citronellol | 0.175 a | ±0.004 | 1.19 b | ±0.20 | 0.000 a | ±0.096 | <0.0001 |
| Nerol | 3.60 a | ±0.60 | 4.68 a | ±0.20 | 3.95 a | ±0.73 | 0.128 |
| Geraniol | 4.08 a | ±1.03 | 6.95 b | ±0.56 | 5.20 ab | ±1.63 | 0.060 |
| Norisoprenoids | |||||||
| 3-oxo-α-Ionol | 2.59 a | ±0.22 | 2.11 a | ±0.37 | 3.17 b | ±0.24 | 0.011 |
| α-Ionol | <LOQ | <LOQ | <LOQ | ||||
| Benzenoids | |||||||
| Vanillin | 3.76 a | ±0.07 | 3.61 a | ±0.30 | 3.76 a | ±0.16 | 0.595 |
| Methyl vanillate | 3.94 a | ±0.09 | 5.22 b | ±0.31 | 5.02 b | ±0.28 | 0.001 |
| Ethyl vanillate | 0.317 a | ±0.132 | 0.737 a | ±0.135 | 0.668 a | ±0.209 | 0.134 |
| Benzyl Alcohol | 130.5 b | ±6.2 | 65.7 a | ±3.4 | 105.9 ab | ±8.5 | 0.023 |
Values in the same row with different letters indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). <LOQ: Value below the limit of quantification.