Table 5.
Crude and adjusted OR between Individual and Contextual factors and Cluster Membership (n = 3166)
| Variables (reference class) | Cluster Membership (reference cluster: Healthy) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (CI 95%) | Active Screen users | Substance users | Inactive low fruit and vegetable eaters | ||||
| Age | Crude OR | 1,16 (1,10-1,22) | p< 0,001 | 1,87 (1,72-2,03) | p< 0,001 | 1,12 (1,07-1,19) | p< 0,001 |
| a1 | 1,17 (1,11-1,24) | p = 0,002 | 1,89 (1,74-2,05) | p< 0,001 | 1,13 (1,07-1,19) | p< 0,001 | |
| b | 1,10 (1,04-1,17) | p < 0,001 | 1,92 (1,74-2,12) | p< 0,001 | 1,09 (1,03-1,16) | p= 0,006 | |
| Male gender (female) | Crude OR | 2,22 (1,09-1,69) | p= 0,003 | 1,69 (1,50-2,12) | p< 0,001 | 1,24 (0,67-1,97) | p= 0,002 |
| a2 | 2,27 (1,89-2,72) | p= 0,004 | 1,86 (1,47-2,35) | p< 0,001 | 1,26 (1,05-1,52) | p = 0,013 | |
| b | 2,15 (1,73-2,65) | p< 0,001 | 1,24 (0,94-1,64) | p = 0,131 | 1,39 (1,12-1,72) | p= 0,002 | |
|
Overweight/ obesity (normal weight) |
Crude OR | 1,16 (0,94-1,43) | p = 0,171 | 0,94 (0,72-1,23) | p = 0,662 | 1,17 (0,94-1,44) | p = 0,152 |
| Medium-to-low FAS (High) | Crude OR | 1,06 (0,87-1,26) | p = 0,534 | 0,97 (0,77-1,21) | p = 0,761 | 1,70 (1,40-2,04) | p< 0,001 |
| a | 1,09 (0,91-1,30) | p = 0,372 | 0,97 (0,77-1,23) | p = 0,802 | 1,71 (1,42-2,06) | p< 0,001 | |
| b | 0,98 (0,81-1,23) | p = 0,841 | 0,89 (0,68-1,16) | p = 0,382 | 1,54 (1,26-1,88) | p< 0,001 | |
| Other family typology (living with both parents) | Crude OR | 1,27 (1,02-1,59) | p= 0,032 | 1,80 (1,38-2,33) | p< 0,001 | 1,29 (1,03-1,61) | p= 0,027 |
| a | 1,27 (1,01-1,58) | p= 0,041 | 1,81 (1,38-2,39) | p< 0,001 | 1,29 (1,03-1,62) | p= 0,027 | |
| b | 1,20 (0,93-1,53) | p = 0,149 | 1,54 (1,12-2,10) | p= 0,007 | 1,21 (0,95-1,55) | p = 0,127 | |
| Poor or mixed family communication (good) | Crude OR | 1,33 (1,10-1,59) | p= 0,003 | 2,00 (1,56-2,52) | p< 0,001 | 1,40 (1,16-1,68) | p< 0,001 |
| a | 1,48 (1,22-1,79) | p< 0,001 | 1,78 (1,39-2,27) | p< 0,001 | 1,40 (1,16-1,70) | p= 0,001 | |
| b | 1,36 (1,11-1,67) | p= 0,003 | 1,45 (1,11-1,90) | p= 0,007 | 1,26 (1,03-1,54) | p= 0,028 | |
| Dislike school (like) | Crude OR | 2,56 (2,01-3,25) | p< 0,001 | 4,25 (3,24-5,59) | p< 0,001 | 1,60 (1,25-2,07) | p< 0,001 |
| a | 2,30 (1,81-2,94) | p< 0,001 | 3,70 (2,79-4,91) | p< 0,001 | 1,53 (1,18-1,97) | p= 0,001 | |
| b | 1,88 (1,45-2,45) | p< 0,001 | 2,40(1,75-3,29) | p< 0,001 | 1,22 (0,92-1,61) | p = 0,172 | |
| Average or below Academic Achievement (good) | Crude OR | 1,65 (1,38-1,97) | p< 0,001 | 2,36 (1,88-2,96) | p< 0,001 | 1,85 (1,55-2,21) | p< 0,001 |
| a | 1,57 (1,31-1,88) | p< 0,001 | 1,94 (1,53-2,46) | p< 0,001 | 1,78 (1,48-2,14) | p< 0,001 | |
| b | 1,37 (1,13-1,88) | p= 0,001 | 1,56 (1,19-2,03) | p= 0,001 | 1,62 (1,33-1,97) | p< 0,001 | |
| Evenings with friends | Crude OR | 1,39 (1,22-1,46) | p< 0,001 | 1,73 (1,58-1,90) | p< 0,001 | 0,97 (0,88-1,08) | p = 0,581 |
| a | 1,24 (1,13-1,34) | p< 0,001 | 1,63 (1,48-1,79) | p< 0,001 | 0,93 (0,84-1,03) | p = 0,165 | |
| b | 1,17 (1,06-1,28) | p< 0,001 | 1,50 (1,35-1,67) | p< 0,001 | 0,92 (0,82-1,02) | p = 0,118 | |
| Been bullied (no) | Crude OR | 1,44 (1,20-1,73) | p< 0,001 | 1,42 (1,13-1,80) | p= 0,003 | 1,18 (0,98-1,42) | p = 0,084 |
| a | 1,36 (1,13-1,64) | p< 0,001 | 1,58 (1,25-2,03) | p< 0,001 | 1,18 (0,98-1,43) | p = 0,083 | |
| b | – | – | – | ||||
| Bullied others (no) | Crude OR | 1,95 (1,60-2,38) | p< 0,001 | 2,88 (2,27-3,65) | p< 0,001 | 1,29 (1,05-1,59) | p= 0,015 |
| a | 1,81 (1,48-2,22) | p< 0,001 | 3,35 (2,59-4,32) | p< 0,001 | 1,29 (1,05-1,59) | p= 0,017 | |
| b | 1,62 (1,29-2,03) | p< 0,001 | 2,27 (1,70-3,03) | p< 0,001 | 1,29 (1,03-1,64) | p = 0,058 | |
| Participation in fights (no) | Crude OR | 1,61 (1,30-1,98) | p< 0,001 | 3,16 (2,48-4,04) | p< 0,001 | 0,98 (0,78-1,23) | p = 0,856 |
| a | 1,34 (1,08-1,68) | p< 0,001 | 3,84 (2,93-5,04) | p< 0,001 | 0,98 (0,94-1,19) | p = 0,592 | |
| b | 0,99 (0,76-1,26) | p = 0,906 | 2,43 (1,79-3,30) | p< 0,001 | 0,85 (0,65-1,10) | p = 0,218 | |
(a) adjusted for individual factors (age and sex); (a1) adjusted for gender, (a2) adjusted for age
(b) adjusted for individual + contextual factors (FAS, family structure and family communication, school attachment, academic achievement, evenings with friends, bullied others, participation in fights)
FAS Family Affluence Scale