Table 2.

Associations (multivariable logistic regression analysis) of the prevalence of chronic kidney disease stage 3a + (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73m²) and systemic parameters in the Ural Eye and Medical Study (n = 4655)

Parameter	P-Value	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval
Age (Years)	< 0.001	1.06	1.05, 1.07
Gender (Women / Men)	< 0.001	2.29	1.94, 2.69
Rural region of habitation	0.001	1.29	1.11, 1.50
Body mass index (kg/m2)	0.03	1.02	1.002, 1.03
House ownership	0.02	0.57	0.35, 0.92
Does your work involve mostly sitting or standing with less than 10 min of walking at a time?	< 0.001	1.40	1.20, 1.64
Serum concentration of blood urea nitrogen concentration (mmol/L)	< 0.001	1.33	1.27, 1.40
Serum concentration of hemoglobin (g/L)	0.03	0.99	0.99, 0.999
Serum concentration of triglycerides (mmol/L)	< 0.001	1.23	1.12, 1.35
Diabetes Mellitus	0.004	0.71	0.56, 0.90
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	< 0.001	0.57	0.42, 0.78

The multivariable logistic regression analysis included as independent variables all those parameters that were associated (P < 0.10) with the CKD stage 3a + prevalence in the previous analysis after adjusting for age (age, gender, region of habitation, family status, Russian ethnicity, body mass index, waist-hip circumference ratio, house ownership, length of usual working day, work performed mostly in sitting position, history of previous bone fractures, thoracic spine pain, headache and previous falls, serum concentrations of lipoproteins, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, residual nitrogen and hemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure, prevalence of diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, degree of process meat, current smoking, daily smoking, smoking package years, number of alcoholic drinks (in mL) on a typical day with alcohol drinking, depression score, anxiety score, and left and right manual dynamometry). We then dropped parameters due to collinearity (such as waist-hip ratio, left dynamometry, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, prevalence of arterial hypertension, serum concentration of glucose) and due to lack of significance (such as mean arterial blood pressure (P = 0.89), and others)