Table 4.
Baseline Feature Values by Baseline GCS Injury Severity Category
| |
Severe (GCS score ≤8) |
Moderate (GCS score 9–12) |
Complicated mild (GCS score 13–15) |
Severe vs. complicated mild adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
Moderate vs. complicated mild adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical feature | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | p value | p value | ||
| Platelet count (1000/μL) | 206 (93) | 209 (83) | 206 (82) | 1.00 (0.99–1.08) | 0.07 | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | 0.03 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.6 (3) | 12.5 (3.1) | 12.7 (3.2) | 0.94 (0.82–1.08) | 0.37 | 0.94 (0.81–1.10) | 0.43 |
| Prothrombin time (sec) | 13.1 (3.8) | 13.1 (3.3) | 12.4 (3.3) | 1.00 (0.89–1.13) | 0.92 | 1.06 (0.93–1.20) | 0.40 |
| INR | 1.1 (0.20) | 1.1 (0.15) | 1.05 (0.12) | 4.37 (1.10–17.42) | 0.04 | 1.15 (0.26–5.01) | 0.85 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 38 (7) | 38 (6.5) | 38 (6.5) | 1.05 (1.00–1.11) | 0.05 | 1.03 (0.98–1.09) | 0.24 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 132 (41) | 136 (40) | 132 (30) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.65 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.24 |
Patients were divided into the injury severity groups complicated mild, moderate, and severe based on average acute Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (< 24 h after injury). (Columns 1–3) The median and interquartile range (IQR) of GLRM-selected baseline features in each phenotype, respectively. (Columns 4, 6) Multinomial logistical regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the likelihood of phenotype membership based on the GLRM-selected predictor features, where the complicated mild injury severity group is the reference outcome variable. (Columns 5, 7) Wald tests were used to calculate p values for each regression coefficient (p < 0.05 considered significant, bold font).
INR, international normalized ratio; GLRM, generalized low-rank models.