FIG. 13.

The retinal ganglion cell (RGC) complex loss from blast exposure is prevented partially by anakinra. The area between the red lines is the RGC complex thickness measured. No significant differences between groups were seen at pre-blast baseline (A). At four weeks post-injury, both sham groups and the blast-anakinra group had significantly less change in the RGC complex from baseline when compared with the blast-saline group, with no significant differences found between other groups (B). Representative optical coherence tomography images of sham-saline (C), blast-saline (D), sham-anakinra (E), and blast-anakinra (F). Arrows indicate blood vessels excluded from analysis. All data from ipsilateral retinas. One-way analysis of variance with a Dunnett post-test comparing all means (****p < 0.0001). Data expressed as means ± SEM; n = 14–16. Scale bar: 200 μm.