Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| Characteristics | All participants (n = 41) | DL group (n = 21) | VL group (n = 20) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 25.6 ± 2.8 | 25.0 ± 1.7 | 26.3 ± 3.6 | 0.123 |
| Female (%) | 19 (46.3) | 6 (28.6) | 13 (65.0) | 0.029 |
| PGY (%) | ||||
| 1 | 29 (70.7) | 15 (71.4) | 14 (70.0) | 0.561 |
| 2 | 6 (14.6) | 4 (19.1) | 2 (10.0) | |
| > 2 | 6 (14.6) | 2 (9.5) | 4 (20.0) | |
| Medical school (%) | ||||
| Local | 28 (68.3) | 14 (70.0) | 14 (66.7) | 1.000 |
| Foreign | 13 (31.7) | 6 (30.0) | 7 (33.3) | |
| Prior ED working experience (%) | 4 (9.8) | 2 (9.5) | 2 (10.0) | 1.000 |
| Prior ICU working experience (%) | 2 (4.9) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (5.0) | 1.000 |
| Prior number of successful intubations in live patients (%) | ||||
| 0 | 23 (56.1) | 10 (47.6) | 13 (65.0) | 0.688 |
| 1 | 9 (22.0) | 5 (23.8) | 4 (20.0) | |
| 2 | 1 (2.4) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | |
| > 2 | 8 (19.5) | 5 (23.8) | 3 (15.0) | |
| Prior intubation training (%) | 34 (82.9) | 18 (85.7) | 16 (80.0) | 0.697 |
DL direct laryngoscopy, ED emergency department, ICU intensive care unit, PGY postgraduate year, i.e., number of years after graduation from medical school, VL videolaryngoscopy