Table 4.
Foods contributing to the top three food sources or ≥5% of the estimated polyphenol subclasses during the study period
| Polyphenol subclassa) | Polyphenol intakeb) (mg/d per person) | Main food sourcesc) (% contribution to intake with in the polyphenol subclass) |
|---|---|---|
| Control | ||
| Phenolic acids | 1140.7 ± 989.3 | Coffee (93), Juice (2), Potato (2) |
| Flavonoids | 371.5 ± 191.4 | Chocolate (31), Tea (12), Apple (11), Berries (11), Juice (10), Wine (9), Oranges (5) |
| Stilbenes | 1.8 ± 3.1 | Wine (94), Strawberry (3), Juice (2) |
| Lignans | 0.2 ± 0.2 | Olive oil (67), Pineapple (18), Refined flour (10) |
| Other polyphenols | 53.9 ± 63.5 | Cereal (29), Coffee (24), Whole grain flour (20), Turmeric (15), Peas (7) |
| Total Polyphenols | 1568.1 ± 939.4 | |
| Low polyphenol | ||
| Phenolic acids | 122.8 ± 205.1 | Coffee (76), Potato (14), Tomato (3) |
| Flavonoids | 105.0 ± 157.0 | Chocolate (56), Juice (25), Whole grain flour (5) |
| Stilbenes | 0.1 ± 0.3 | Wine (98), Chocolate (2), Vinegar (0.1) |
| Lignans | 1.7 ± 4.8 | Flaxseed (97), Pineapple (2), Refined flour (1) |
| Other polyphenols | 7.6 ± 10.7 | Whole grain flour (58), Coffee (15), Juice (14), Vinegar (9) |
| Total Polyphenols | 238.0 ± 248.3 | |
| Low ellagitannin | ||
| Phenolic acids | 635.1 ± 692.7 | Coffee (59), Whole grain flour (25), Juice (8) |
| Flavonoids | 192.2 ± 169.7 | Tea (54), Apple (23), Juice (11), Chocolate milk (6) |
| Stilbenes | 0.8 ± 1.3 | Peanut butter (87), Wine (13) |
| Lignans | 0.03 ± 0.03 | Refined flour (65), Pineapple (35) |
| Other polyphenols | 12.3 ± 7.1 | Coffee (94), Tea (4), Potato (2) |
| Total Polyphenols | 840.4 ± 666.8 |
a)
Polyphenol subclasses included in the Polyphenol Explorer® database
b)
Values are means ± SD.
c)
Foods contributing to the top 5% of each polyphenol subclass calculated from 3-day diet records. When there was less than three foods contributing to the top 5% of each polyphenol subclass, up to the top three food sources were included. Percent contribution = mg polyphenols per food/total mg polyphenols per day. Calculations based on eight men per group.