Table 1.
Helvella specimens included in the phylogenetic analyses of this study. Specimens included in the final analysis are marked with an asterisk. All specimens are marked with sample ID and fungaria ID. Type specimens are written in bold. GenBank accession numbers are added for all obtained sequences. X indicates sequence was not long enough for publishing in GenBank.
| Species | Sample and fungarium ID | Locality | Collection year | GenBank accession number | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hsp | rpb2 | tef | LSU | ITS | ||||
| H. corium | H2184, O-255756* | Svalbard. Longyearbyen | 2017 | MN692370 | MN692314 | MN658196 | MN655873 | MN656185 |
| H547, O-255757* | France. Savoie | 1992 | MN692363 | MN692309 | MN658197 | MN655870 | MN656165 | |
| H436, O-253281 | Svalbard. Spitsbergen. Kongsfjorden | 1988 | KY784528 | KY772771 | – | KY773163 | – | |
| H950, TROM-F-610059 | Norway. Nordland. Saltdal. Junkerdalen | 2016 | MN692364 | MN692312 | – | MN655880 | – | |
| H956, O-255753 | Norway. Hedmark. Folldal. Einunndalen | 2016 | MN692365 | MN692313 | – | MN655875 | – | |
| H957, O-255754 | Norway. Sør-Trøndelag. Oppdal. Vinstradalen | 2016 | MN692366 | MN692310 | – | MN655871 | – | |
| H1958, TROM-F-610014 | Norway. Troms. Salangen | 2017 | MN692369 | – | – | MN655876 | MN656172 | |
| H248, O-253277 | Norway. Hordaland. Ulvik. Finse | 1996 | KY784366 | KY772614 | – | KY773075 | – | |
| H1088, C-F-86904 | Greenland. Thule Airbase | 1994 | MN692367 | – | – | MN655872 | – | |
| H1089, C-F-63828 | Greenland. Mestervig. Ochenpas | 1968 | MN692368 | – | – | MN655874 | – | |
| H294, C-F-16568 | Russia. North Ural Mountaint | 1990 | KY784407 | KY772654 | – | KY773100 | – | |
| H. alpina | H2106, O-255751* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimdalen | 2017 | MN692362 | MN692307 | MN689291 | MN655865 | MN656181 |
| H1124, C-F-55730* | Greenland | 1987 | MN692361 | MN692306 | MN658193 | MN655863 | MN656171 | |
| H223, O-253228* | France. Savoie | 1992 | KY784343 | KY772593 | MN658192 | KY773054 | – | |
| H336, O-253227 | Canada. British Colombia. Whistler | 1994 | KY784439 | KY772690 | – | KY773116 | – | |
| H1159, C-F-54601 | Norway. Nordland. Rana. Virvassdalen | 1979 | MN692359 | X | – | MN655864 | – | |
| H540, C-F-34420 | Russia. Khatanga airport | NA | MN692358 | MN692305 | – | MN655862 | – | |
| H1095, C-F-50287 | Greenland. Sdr. Strømfjord | 1982 | MN692360 | – | – | – | – | |
| H. pseudoalpina | H498, O-255748* | Svalbard. Longyearbyen | 2015 | MN692354 | MN692302 | MN689292 | MN655869 | MN656164 |
| H1965, TROM-F-610048* | Norway. Troms. Balsjord | 2017 | MN692355 | MN692303 | MN658194 | MN655866 | MN656173 | |
| H1966, TROM-F-610049* | Norway. Troms. Balsjord | 2017 | MN692356 | MN692304 | MN658195 | MN655868 | – | |
| H2278, TRH-F-20631 | Norway. Nordland, Saltdal, Junkerdalen. Bibeldalen | 1988 | MN692357 | MN692308 | – | MN655867 | – | |
| H. alpicola | H231, O-253226* | Switzerland. Graubunden | 1984 | KY784349 | KY772598 | MN689298 | KY773061 | – |
| H952, TROM-F-610061* | Norway. Nordland. Saltdal. Junkerdalen | 2016 | MN692344 | MN692296 | MN658206 | MN655847 | – | |
| H953, TROM-F-610062* | Norway. Nordland. Saltdal. Junkerdalen | 2016 | MN692345 | MN692297 | MN658207 | MN655848 | – | |
| H1439, C-F-53856 | Norway. Nordland. Rana | 1972 | MN692346 | – | – | – | – | |
| H1534, C-F-103009 | Norway. Nordland. Rana | 1971 | X | X | – | – | – | |
| H. nannfeldtii | H1972, TROM-F-610034* | Norway. Troms. Kåfjord | 2017 | MN692330 | MN692291 | MN658199 | MN655861 | MN656174 |
| H954, O-255744* | Norway. Hedmark. Folldal | 2016 | MN692328 | MN692290 | MN689293 | MN655860 | MN656167 | |
| H2104, O-255745* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2017 | MN692327 | MN692293 | MN658200 | MN655859 | – | |
| H027, O-253338* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2009 | KY784203 | KY772447 | KY772836 | KY772919 | X | |
| H1994, TROM-F-610036* | Norway. Troms. Målselv | 2017 | MN692326 | MN692292 | MN689294 | MN655856 | – | |
| H212, O-253332* | France. Savoie. Val d'Isere | 1992 | MN692323 | KY772585 | KY772888 | KY773044 | – | |
| H216, O-253333* | France. Savoie. Bon Valle | 1992 | KY784337 | KY772589 | KY772891 | KY773048 | – | |
| H545, O-255740 | Austria. Tirol. Obergurgl | – | MN692324 | MN692288 | – | MN655858 | – | |
| H564, O-255741 | France. Savoie. Val d'Isere | 1992 | MN692325 | MN692289 | – | MN655857 | – | |
| H1105, C-F-86947 | Greenland. Narssarssuaq. | 1991 | MN692329 | – | – | – | – | |
| Helvalla sp | H1995, O-255738* | Norway. Troms. Målselv | 2017 | MN692339 | MN692283 | MN689299 | MN655845 | MN656178 |
| H1996, O-255739* | Norway. Troms. Målselv | 2017 | MN692340 | MN692284 | MN689300 | MN655846 | MN656179 | |
| H. alpestris | H460, ex DAOM574891* | Canada. Nuvanut | 2014 | KY784542 | KY772789 | MN658202 | MN655837 | MN656163 |
| H548, O-255736* | France. Savoie. Val d'Isere | 1992 | MN692332 | MN692276 | MN658203 | MN655835 | MN656166 | |
| H2111, O-255737* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2017 | MN692341 | MN692280 | MN658205 | MN655834 | MN656183 | |
| H865, S-F-122351* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 1985 | MN692334 | MN692277 | MN658204 | MN655838 | – | |
| H1098, C-F-50667 | Greenland. Ella Island. St. Elvdal E of the house. | 1982 | MN692342 | MN692279 | – | MN655839 | – | |
| H719, UPS-F-145393 | Sweden. Torne Lappmark. Jukkasjärvi | 1946 | MN692333 | X | – | MN655836 | – | |
| H916, TROM-F-11410 | Norway. Nordland. Fauske. Blåmannsisen | 1967 | MN692335 | MN692278 | – | – | – | |
| H928, TROM-F-11403 | Norway. Troms. Tromsø. Tromsø museum | 1980 | MN692336 | MN692311 | – | MN655833 | – | |
| H1103, C-F-86999 | Greenland. Std. Strømfjord, 4km E of airport | 1988 | MN692337 | – | – | – | – | |
| H1115, C-F-86617 | Greenland. Jameson Land. Valley W of Nathorts fjeld | 1989 | MN692338 | – | – | MN655834 | – | |
| H1190, C-F-45351 | Norway. Nordland. Fauske. Blåmannsisen | 1967 | MN692343 | – | – | – | – | |
| H. macrosperma | H2146, O-F-285169* | Norway. Oppland. Lom | 2007 | MN692322 | MN692286 | MN658201 | MN655844 | MN656184 |
| H2100, TROM-F-610004* | Norway. Troms. Balsfjord | 2017 | MN692321 | MN692285 | MN658198 | MN655843 | MN656180 | |
| H947, TROM-F-610056* | Norway. Nordland. Junkerdalen | 2016 | MN692318 | MN692281 | MN689295 | MN655841 | – | |
| H029, O-253328* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2007 | KY784205 | KY772449 | KY772838 | KY772921 | MN656159 | |
| H047, O-253329* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2009 | KY784217 | KY772462 | KY772850 | KY772936 | – | |
| H1982, TROM-F-610001* | Norway. Troms. Målselv | 2017 | MN692319 | MN692282 | MN689297 | MN655842 | MN656176 | |
| H050, O-253330* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2009 | MN692316 | KY772464 | KY772852 | KY772938 | – | |
| H053, O-253331* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2009 | MN692317 | KY772466 | MN689296 | KY772939 | – | |
| H1997, TROM-F-610017 | Norway. Troms. Balsfjord. Lakselvbukt | 2017 | MN692320 | MN692287 | – | MN655840 | – | |
| H. arctoalpina | H033, O-253237* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2009 | KY784207 | KY772453 | KY772841 | KY772924 | – |
| H. acetabulum | H225, O-253212* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 1984 | KY784344 | KY772594 | KY772894 | KY773055 | MN656162 |
| H. subilica | H148, O-70080* | Norway. Akershus. Asker | 1994 | KY784281 | KY772531 | KY772880 | KY772997 | MN656160 |
| H. rivularis | H1978, O-255764* | Norway. Troms. Balsfjord | 2017 | MN692371 | MN692295 | MN689306 | MN655850 | MN656175 |
| H. fallax | H018, O-253351* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2009 | KY784195 | KY772439 | KY772830 | KY772913 | – |
| H. pezizoides | H061, O-253366* | Sweden. Halmstad | 2009 | KY784225 | KY772471 | KY772854 | KY772945 | – |
| H. scyphoides | H140, O-65348* | Norway. Hedmark. Åmot | 2002 | KY784273 | KY772523 | KY772879 | KY772989 | – |
| Helvalla sp2 | H1983, O-255763* | Norway. Troms. Målselv | 2017 | MN692351 | MN692294 | MN689305 | MN655849 | MN656177 |
| H. macropus | H238, O-291425* | Norway. Rogaland | 2009 | KY784356 | KY772605 | KY772896 | KY773067 | – |
| H. fibrosa | H240, O-291352* | Norway. Sør-Trøndelag | 2008 | KY784358 | KY772607 | KY772898 | KY773069 | – |
| H. lacunosa | H1041, O-255761* | Norway. Nordland. Saltdal. Junkerdalen | 2016 | MN692347 | MN692299 | MN689302 | MN655855 | MN656169 |
| H. atra | H1055, O-255762* | Norway. Hedmark. Kvikne | 2016 | MN692348 | MN692300 | MN689304 | MN655852 | MN656170 |
| H. philonotis | H2110, O-255760* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen | 2017 | MN692353 | MN692301 | MN689303 | MN655853 | MN656182 |
| H. calycina | H022, O-253255* | Norway. Oppland. Dovre. Grimsdalen. | 2009 | KY784198 | KY772442 | KY772833 | KY772915 | MN656158 |
| H. costifera | H247, O-253283* | Norway. Oppland. Vågå | 1998 | KY784365 | KY772613 | KY772900 | KY773074 | – |
| H. crispa | H235, O-360158 | Norway. Nordland. Andøy | 2005 | KY784353 | KY772602 | – | KY773065 | – |
| H. hyperborea | H1309, C-F-55004 | Norway. Nordland. Rana | 1981 | MN692349 | X | MN689301 | – | – |
| H. hypocrateriformis | H275, C-F-57126 | Switzerland. Graubünden | 1982 | KY784390 | KY772638 | – | – | – |
| H. pulla | H149, O-069282 | Norway. Møre og Romsdal. Nesset | 2008 | KY784282 | KY772532 | – | KY772998 | MN656161 |
| H. bicolor | H1033, O-255759 | Norway. Nordland. Saltdal. Junkerdalen | 2016 | MN692352 | MN692298 | – | MN655851 | MN656168 |
| H. capucina | H1051, O-255758 | Norway. Hedmark. Kvikne. Innerdalsvatnet | 2016 | MN692350 | MN692315 | – | MN655854 | – |