Table 4.
Baseline Characteristics of all participants in the DRy Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM©) study.
| Characteristic | Overall 535 patients | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 58.0 | ± 13.2 |
| Gender - no. (%) | ||
| Female | 434 | (81.1) |
| Male | 101 | (18.9) |
| Race - no. (%) | ||
| White | 398 | (74.4) |
| Black | 64 | (12.0) |
| Other | 73 | (13.6) |
| Ethnicity - no. (%) | ||
| Hispanic or Latino | 68 | (12.7) |
| Other | 467 | (87.3) |
| OSDI score, mean | ||
| Total | 44.4 | ± 14.2 |
| Vision-related function subscale | 37.8 | ± 17.7 |
| Ocular symptoms | 46.6 | ± 17.1 |
| Environmental triggers subscale | 55.6 | ± 24.5 |
| Short Form-36 score, mean | ||
| Physical health | 47.5 | ± 9.7 |
| Mental health | 52.3 | ± 9.4 |
| Brief Ocular Discomfort Index scorea, mean | ||
| Discomfort subscale | 44.2 | ± 16.6 |
| Pain interference subscale | 27.0 | ± 17.6 |
| Use of dry eye treatments, no. (%) | ||
| Artificial tears, drops or gel | 424 | (79.3) |
| Cyclosporine drops | 205 | (38.3) |
| Warm lid soaks | 114 | (21.3) |
| Lid scrubs or baby shampoo | 83 | (15.5) |
| Any other treatment | 268 | (50.1) |
| Systemic diseaseb | ||
| Sjogren syndrome | 56 | (10.5) |
| Thyroid disease | 108 | (20.2) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 49 | (9.2) |
| None of the above | 357 | (66.7) |
| Fatty acid in red blood cells, %, meanc | ||
| Eicosapentaenoic | 0.6 | ± 0.4 |
| Docosahexaenoic | 3.9 | ± 1.1 |
| Omega-3 index(EPA + DHA) | 4.5 | ± 1.5 |
| Oleic acid (omega-9) | 11.1 | ± 1.2 |
| ω6 to ω3 ratio, meanc | 4.8 | ± 1.4 |
| 1022 Eyes | ||
| Conjunctival staining scorea, mean | 3.0 | ± 1.4 |
| Corneal staining scorea, mean | 3.9 | ± 2.7 |
| Tear break-up timea, sees, mean | 3.1 | ± 1.5 |
| Schirmer testa, mm, mean | 9.6 | ± 6.5 |
Plus-minus values are means ± SD.
a
Average of values from screening and eligibility confirmation visits.
b
Ongoing or past history by patient report; may have > 1 disease.
c
Missing values for 15 subjects.