Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of the non-surviving COVID-19 patients.
| Clinical characteristics | Non-survivors (n = 44) | Flu (n = 22) | Non-flu (n = 22) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 16 (36.4) | 11 (50.0) | 5 (22.7) | 0.06 |
| Age (years) | 70.0 (64.0, 75.5) | 68.5 (64, 71.5) | 72.0 (70.0, 77.8) | 0.13 |
| Onset to admission (days) | 10.0 (6.0, 12.5) | 9.5 (6.3, 12) | 10.0 (6.3, 13.5) | 0.91 |
| Onset to death (days) | 20.5 (14.8, 28.3) | 17.5 (12.3, 27.8) | 22.0 (18.3, 28.5) | 0.16 |
| Chronic disease | ||||
| Hypertension | 17 (38.6) | 10 (45.5) | 7 (31.8) | 0.35 |
| Diabetes | 13 (29.5) | 9 (40.9) | 4 (18.2) | 0.10 |
| Coronary disease | 7 (15.9) | 3 (13.6) | 4 (18.2) | 0.68 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 5 (11.4) | 4 (18.2) | 1 (4.5) | 0.15 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.5) | 0.31 |
| Malignant tumor | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.5) | 0.31 |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 38 (86.4) | 16 (72.7) | 22 (100.0) | 0.008 |
| Cough | 32 (72.7) | 14 (63.6) | 18 (81.8) | 0.18 |
| Dyspnea | 29 (65.9) | 15 (68.2) | 14 (63.6) | 0.75 |
| Fatigue | 17 (38.6) | 6 (27.3) | 11 (50.0) | 0.12 |
| Myalgia | 5 (11.4) | 1 (4.5) | 4 (18.2) | 0.15 |
| Diarrhea | 13 (29.5) | 6 (27.3) | 7 (31.8) | 0.74 |
| Chest distress/chest pain | 20 (45.5) | 11 (50.0) | 9 (40.9) | 0.55 |
| Headache | 6 (13.6) | 3 (13.6) | 3 (13.6) | 1.00 |
| Complication | ||||
| ARDS | 38 (86.4) | 18 (81.8) | 20 (90.9) | 0.38 |
| Acute kidney injury | 25 (56.8) | 15 (68.2) | 10 (45.5) | 0.13 |
| Acute cardiac injury | 31 (70.5) | 19 (86.4) | 12 (54.5) | 0.04 |
| Liver dysfunction | 10 (22.7) | 5 (22.7) | 5 (22.7) | 1.00 |
Data are expressed as the median (IQR) or n (%), p-values are from the Mann-Whitney U test, χ² test or Fisher’s exact test.
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome.