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. 2017 Apr 1;1(2):186–200. doi: 10.2527/tas2017.0021

Table 7.

Pig behavior expressions in the morning (0830 to 1030h) according to dietary treatment and days in relation to challenge1

Behavior expressions Days in relation to challenge P-value
-12 1 2 3 Total TRT3 DAY4 TRT × DAY
Positive contacts:
    CON 1.96 c 1.59 c 5.95 a,b 0.77 c 2.22 0.142 0.038 0.025
    PRO 8.29 a 2.02 b,c 3.88 a,b,c 2.13 b,c 3.72
    BUT 2.28 b,c 1.82 b,c 1.42 c 2.34 b,c 1.96
    Total 3.72A 1.82B 3.50A,B 1.66B
Negative contacts:
    CON 0.61 0.58 3.39 0.67 1.10 0.571 0.080 0.563
    PRO 0.86 0.06 2.04 1.02 0.81
    BUT 1.04 0.30 0.61 0.52 0.59
    Total 0.83 0.27 1.82 0.72
Exploration:
    CON 2.13 2.69 4.49 1.42 2.56 B 0.050 0.347 0.265
    PRO 8.94 2.56 4.93 5.71 5.29 A
    BUT 4.41 3.65 1.72 2.19 2.89 A,B
    Total 4.80 2.96 3.53 2.86
Feeding:
    CON 11.49 26.63 28.30 25.00 22.28B 0.003 0.030 0.850
    PRO 29.05 33.87 55.06 34.81 37.58A
    BUT 19.45 20.52 30.47 19.18 22.18B
    Total 19.27 B 26.73 A,B 37.09 A 25.91 A,B
Others:
    CON 3.06 4.71 3.46 1.23 2.96 B 0.039 0.192 0.966
    PRO 5.95 5.90 6.60 3.72 5.48 A
    BUT 3.84 2.86 4.24 2.28 3.28 B
    Total 4.20 4.41 4.67 2.28
Lying laterally without contact:
    CON 0.86 1.00 0.81 1.06 0.92 0.821 0.448 0.967
    PRO 1.44 0.41 0.46 1.77 0.92
    BUT 1.08 0.37 0.21 1.02 0.61
    Total 1.12 0.56 0.46 1.25
Lying ventrally without contact:
    CON 1.80 3.96 4.41 6.66 4.00 0.937 0.001 0.887
    PRO 2.02 1.99 2.92 9.80 3.69
    BUT 2.28 4.45 3.24 7.56 4.16
    Total 2.02 B 3.39 B 3.50 B 7.95 A
Lying laterally with contact:
    CON 12.46 4.97 7.90 9.55 8.53 A < 0.001 0.258 0.946
    PRO 3.88 2.37 0.64 1.00 1.77 B
    BUT 13.03 4.93 9.00 12.18 9.49 A
    Total 9.24 4.00 4.84 6.40
Lying ventrally with contact:
    CON 31.47 38.81 25.30a 24.21 29.70 A 0.008 0.249 0.683
    PRO 10.11 21.44 5.52b 21.90 13.76 B
    BUT 17.64 29.92 26.52a 30.69 25.91 A
    Total 18.75 29.59 17.47 25.40
A,B

LSmeans within rows without common letters differ by the Means-Tukey adjustment test (P < 0.05).

a–c

LSmeans within columns without common letters differ by the Means-Tukey adjustment test (P < 0.05).

1

Values expressed are a proportion of total number of observations (active + inactive). For the statistical analysis, data were previously transformed using square root transformation. Drinking and walking behaviors are not shown, as they were not modified by any experimental treatment.

2

No differences were found between d –2 and –1 before the inoculation, so these data were pooled and named as –1.

3

Treatment effect. Treatments: CON, plain diet without additives; PRO, plain diet supplemented with 1 kg/t of Proporc (109 cfu/kg of feed of Bacillus licheniformis); BUT, plain diet supplemented with 3 kg/t of Gustor BP70 (2.1g of partially protected sodium butyrate salt/kg of feed).

4

Inoculation effect (measured as difference between days before (–1) and after (1, 2, 3) the challenge).