Table 2. Summary of urinary proteins significantly altered in early type 1 diabetes.
| Protein Name (Gene) | UniProt Number | Fold Change | P | Q | Fraction of Unique Peptides | Sequence Coverage (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aminoacylase-1 (ACY1) | Q03154 | 0.44 | 0.0000 | 0.0047 | 23/23 | 67 |
| Serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT1) | P34896 | 0.48 | 0.0028 | 0.0471 | 19/19 | 55 |
| Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2 (TIMP2) | P16035 | 0.52 | 0.0007 | 0.0214 | 8/8 | 36 |
| Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI1) | P60174 | 0.53 | 0.0026 | 0.0451 | 23/23 | 89 |
| Follistatin-related protein 1 (FSTL1) | Q12841 | 0.55 | 0.0008 | 0.0242 | 13/13 | 44 |
| Retinal dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1A1) | P00352 | 0.58 | 0.0024 | 0.0437 | 23/25 | 65 |
| Nucleobindin-1 (NUCB1) | Q02818 | 0.60 | 0.0007 | 0.0224 | 34/34 | 63 |
| Acid ceramidase (ASAH1) | Q13510 | 1.58 | 0.0008 | 0.0237 | 24/24 | 58 |
| Beta-hexosaminidase subunit alpha (HEXA) | P06865 | 1.64 | 0.0016 | 0.0338 | 22/22 | 41 |
| Cathepsin D (CTSD) | P07339 | 1.82 | 0.0003 | 0.0131 | 29/29 | 66 |
| Arylsulfatase B (ARSB) | P15848 | 1.85 | 0.0000 | 0.0047 | 15/15 | 31 |
| Tissue alpha-L-fucosidase (FUCA1) | P04066 | 1.89 | 0.0019 | 0.0362 | 12/12 | 31 |
| Ribonuclease T2 (RNASET2) | O00584 | 1.91 | 0.0009 | 0.0237 | 13/13 | 45 |
| Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (SERPINA3) | P01011 | 1.94 | 0.0009 | 0.0232 | 29/29 | 61 |
| Cathepsin H (CTSH) | P09668 | 1.97 | 0.0009 | 0.0235 | 16/16 | 61 |
| N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase (GNS) | P15586 | 1.97 | 0.0003 | 0.0132 | 23/23 | 41 |
| Beta-hexosaminidase subunit beta (HEXB) | P07686 | 2.00 | 0.0001 | 0.0076 | 27/27 | 49 |
| Beta-galactosidase (GLB1) | P16278 | 2.00 | 0.0003 | 0.0143 | 27/27 | 40 |
| Ig kappa chain V-III region VG (IGKV3-11) | P04433 | 2.03 | 0.0010 | 0.0247 | 4/4 | 57 |
| Lysosomal protective protein (CTSA) | P10619 | 2.06 | 0.0001 | 0.0079 | 17/17 | 40 |
| Cathepsin B (CTSB) | P07858 | 2.15 | 0.0010 | 0.0238 | 21/21 | 62 |
| Lumican (LUM) | P51884 | 2.16 | 0.0025 | 0.0445 | 20/20 | 45 |
| Ig kappa chain V-I region WEA (IGKV1-17) | P01610 | 2.18 | 0.0005 | 0.0194 | 2/4 | 37 |
| Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) | Q92820 | 2.21 | 0.0003 | 0.0139 | 19/19 | 46 |
| Ig kappa chain V-II region TEW (IGKV2D-28) | P01617 | 2.26 | 0.0016 | 0.0341 | 1/3 | 39 |
| N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS) | P34059 | 2.26 | 0.0001 | 0.0055 | 23/23 | 57 |
| Epididymis-specific alpha-mannosidase (MAN2B2) | Q9Y2E5 | 2.32 | 0.0003 | 0.0124 | 32/32 | 38 |
| Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 | P08571 | 2.33 | 0.0017 | 0.0328 | 21/21 | 71 |
| Carboxypeptidase Q (CPQ) | Q9Y646 | 2.33 | 0.0000 | 0.0032 | 19/19 | 49 |
| Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM1) | P19320 | 2.49 | 0.0012 | 0.0257 | 23/23 | 39 |
| Dipeptidyl peptidase 1 (CTSC) | P53634 | 2.52 | 0.0000 | 0.0042 | 21/21 | 45 |
| Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) | P17050 | 3.00 | 0.0000 | 0.0047 | 16/16 | 39 |
| Lysosomal alpha-mannosidase (MAN2B1) | O00754 | 3.65 | 0.0000 | 0.0003 | 30/30 | 39 |
| Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG1) | P02750 | 4.58 | 0.0001 | 0.0048 | 19/19 | 57 |
Fold change represents the ratio of the median label-free quantification (LFQ) protein intensity of the diabetic group to the median value of the non-diabetic group. P values were determined using the Student t-test and then corrected with the Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment (Q). The number of unique peptides for each protein is shown as a fraction over the total number of peptides.