Table 3.
The Relationship Between Homocysteine Level and CVD Events and Death
| Homocysteine Level | HR/5μmol/L tHcy | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <15μmol/L (n=601) | <30μmol/L (n=505) | ≥30μmol/L (n=151) | p trend* | ||
| CVD event (total) | |||||
| Case | 67 | 69 | 32 | ||
| Person-year | 3210.4 | 2549.9 | 778.4 | ||
| Crude | 1.00 | 1.34 (0.96–1.87) | 2.18 (1.43–3.32) | <0.001 | 1.06 (1.03–1.09) |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.18 (0.84–1.67) | 1.93 (1.25–2.96) | 0.006 | 1.05 (1.02–1.08) |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.78–1.61) | 1.68 (1.06–2.67) | 0.044 | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) |
| CVD event (male) | |||||
| Case | 20 | 38 | 19 | ||
| Person-year | 1025.3 | 1172.4 | 415.0 | ||
| Crude | 1.00 | 1.69 (1.01–2.90) | 2.42 (1.29–4.54) | 0.005 | 1.04 (1.01–1.08) |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.62 (0.94–2.79) | 2.38 (2.27–4.45) | 0.006 | 1.05 (1.27–4.45) |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.65 (0.91–3.00) | 2.07 (1.01–4.26) | 0.046 | 1.05 (1.01–1.08) |
| CVD event (female) | |||||
| Case | 47 | 31 | 13 | ||
| Person-year | 2012.2 | 1189.4 | 267.1 | ||
| Crude | 1.00 | 1.13 (0.72–1.77) | 2.12 (1.14–3.91) | 0.047 | 1.02 (0.96–1.08) |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.58–1.47) | 1.62 (0.87–3.04) | 0.334 | 1.00 (0.93–1.07) |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.56–1.49) | 1.59 (0.83–3.04) | 0.365 | 0.99 (0.92–1.06) |
| CVD death (total) | |||||
| Case | 20 | 28 | 14 | ||
| Person-year | 3150.6 | 2467.4 | 734.8 | ||
| Crude | 1.00 | 1.81 (1.01–3.20) | 3.04 (1.54–6.02) | 0.001 | 1.06 (1.01–1.10) |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.30 (0.73–2.34) | 2.21 (1.10–4.42) | 0.033 | 1.05 (1.00–1.40) |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.41 (0.75–2.66) | 1.97 (0.95–4.29) | 0.065 | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) |
| CVD death (male) | |||||
| Case | 6 | 15 | 9 | ||
| Person-year | 1061.8 | 1222.2 | 443.5 | ||
| Crude | 1.00 | 2.19 (0.85–5.66) | 3.64 (1.30–10.23) | 0.012 | 1.06 (1.01–1.11) |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.90 (0.74–4.91) | 3.51 (1.25–9.86) | 0.016 | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 2.11 (0.69–6.42) | 2.83 (0.78–10.21) | 0.117 | 1.05 (0.99–1.12) |
| CVD death (female) | |||||
| Case | 14 | 13 | 5 | ||
| Person-year | 2088.8 | 1245.2 | 291.3 | ||
| Crude | 1.00 | 1.57 (0.74–3.34) | 2.57 (0.93–7.13) | 0.059 | 1.03 (0.93–1.13) |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.46–2.13) | 1.34 (0.47–3.84) | 0.681 | 0.98 (0.87–1.12) |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.46–2.58) | 1.29 (0.41–4.09) | 0.671 | 0.98 (0.87–1.11) |
| All-cause death (total) | |||||
| Case | 54 | 65 | 36 | ||
| Person-year | 3150.6 | 2467.4 | 734.8 | ||
| Crude | 1.00 | 1.56 (1.09–2.23) | 2.91 (1.91–4.44) | <0.001 | 1.07 (1.03–1.09) |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.10 (0.76–1.59) | 2.08 (1.36–3.19) | 0.003 | 1.06 (1.02–1.08) |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.17 (0.79–1.73) | 2.02 (1.26–3.24) | 0.007 | 1.05 (1.01–1.07) |
| All-cause death (male) | |||||
| Case | 20 | 36 | 26 | ||
| Person-year | 1061.8 | 1222.2 | 443.5 | ||
| Crude | 1.00 | 1.59 (0.92–2.75) | 3.20 (1.78–5.72) | <0.001 | 1.07 (1.03–1.09) |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.38 (0.80–2.39) | 3.11 (1.73–5.57) | <0.001 | 1.06 (1.03–1.09) |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.47 (0.80–2.68) | 3.08 (1.56–6.07) | 0.001 | 1.06 (1.02–1.09) |
| All-cause death (female) | |||||
| Case | 34 | 29 | 10 | ||
| Person-year | 2088.8 | 1245.2 | 291.3 | ||
| Crude | 1.00 | 1.44 (0.88–2.37) | 2.12 (1.05–4.28) | 0.025 | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.53–1.47) | 1.07 (0.52–2.22) | 0.954 | 0.98 (0.90–1.07) |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.41–1.98) | 0.90 (0.52–1.58) | 0.741 | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) |
Notes: *Estimated using the category numbers (1, 2 and 3) as a continuous variable; CVD: cardiovascular disease; Crude: unadjusted; Model 1: adjusted for sex and age; Model 2: adjusted for sex, age, smoking, alcohol drinking, glucose, hsCRP, dyslipidemia, eGFR, pulse pressure, hypoglycemic therapy, lipid-lowering therapy and antihypertensive therapy.