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. 2020 May 27;28(1):124–133.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.05.020

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© 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Pathological Changes and Inflammatory Response in SARS-CoV-2-Infected hACE2 Mice

(A) H&E staining analysis showing inflammatory cell infiltration (yellow arrow), alveolar septal thickening, focal hemorrhage (green arrow), and distinctive vascular system injury (blue arrow) in hACE2 mice. Right panel, semiquantitative analysis of the H&E-stained lung sections.

(B and C) IHC staining analysis for neutrophils (Neu⁺) and macrophages (CD68⁺) in SARS-CoV-2 infected hACE2 mice. Right panel, semiquantitative analysis of the neutrophil and macrophage counts. Statistical significance was analyzed by unpaired Student’s t tests. ^∗p < 0.05.

(D) Immunofluorescence staining analysis for paraffin lung sections with markers for CD68 (green), cleaved-caspase 3 (C-Casp3, magenta), and SARS-CoV-2 S protein (red). White frame was magnified on the right. Solid yellow arrows indicated the SARS-CoV-2⁺/CD68⁺/C-Casp3⁺ cells.

(E) Cytokine production in serum of SARS-CoV-2-infected mice.