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. 2020 May 26;10:8721. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65567-z

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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IL-1 but not IL-33 stimulates the release of inflammatory mediators from primary airway fibroblasts (PAFs). Primary airway fibroblasts from non-asthmatics (n = 5–9) and asthmatics (n = 5–9) were grown to confluence on collagen I coated plates and stimulated with or without 1 ng/ml recombinant human IL-1α, IL-1β or IL-33 for 24 hours. Concentration of (a) IL-6, (b) CXCL8/IL-8, (c) granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) & (d) thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) released from primary airway fibroblasts after 24 hours. Exact P values indicated.